In a study, Tagalog-speaking children, 3-, 5-, and 7-year olds, demonstrated better mastery of patient-focus (passive) than agent-focus (active) sentence structure. These results were attributed to the children's strategy of interpreting the first noun of a sentence to be the agent of the action. (SW)

In this article, some of the essential factors to a good technical program are identified. Seen as three major factors are: (1) teaching students to define problems; (2) teaching students that most engineering problems have more than one solution and contain trade-offs; (3) instilling a desire for continuous education. (MA)

This study attempted to determine whether a combination of seriation and classification training would produce more general intellectual gains. (Author/SB)

Topics include: (1) global objectives for structuring and improving the educational climate, (2) a history of competency-based education, (3) objectives based instructional programs, (4) behavior modification, (5) physical education objectives, (5) objectives in the cognitive domain. (DAG)

Responds to an article by S. Alan Cohen on oral language deficiency and its relation to reading failure, and concludes that reading achievement and reading failure are largely determined by cognitive and communicative strategies that may be socialized differently in diverse social and ethnic groups. (JM)

An experiment on children aged 2 to 7 led to a critical evaluation of Piaget's implicit contention that young children use determiners anaphorically. It is suggested that the importance of young children's processing procedures on the linguistic environment has been underestimated in Piaget's interactive epistemology. (CHK)

Interview data and psychometric test results of 93 profoundly prelingually deaf adolescents and their families were factor analyzed to determine relationships between cognitive, behavioral, and environmental variables. The first factor loaded on measures of general cognitive skill, language, speech, social class, family size, and communication.…

Two studies investigated an information processing model in explaining the poor academic performance of highly test-anxious students. The first measured the organization of course material by students in a nonevaluative situation; and the second differentiated types of highly test anxious students by their information processing skills.…

Argues that orienting high school teaching towards the advanced placement test fails, ironically, to prepare students for thinking, writing, and reading skills required in college. Noting that standardized tests promote the (misleading) conception of knowledge as correctness, offers a choice-based method for students to analyze writing function…

Reviews automaticity, effortless writing that enjoys freedom from excessive conscious interference, in terms of its origins in automatic writing and growth into contemporary techniques. Characterizes automaticity as a (1) form of dissociation from consciousness; (2) succor to spontaneity and creativity; and (3) key to understanding why some…

Describes two studies investigating the development of recursive thinking in 60 Dutch children five, seven, and nine years of age. The first study replicated earlier research employing a verbal production procedure. The second study used verbal comprehension procedures and concluded that development appears two years earlier than indicated by the…

Describes a study of fifth grade students' ability to process information from a play, and compares the results to related information from television research. (JC)

Discusses a preliminary and sketchy hypothesis of second language comprehension based on empirical investigations into strategies and processes specific to second language comprehension. (Author/CB)

Brain-injured (N=24), cultural-familially retarded (N=24), and nonretarded (N=28) adolescents and young adults were compared on a letter priming task requiring recognition of matched pairs. Response time in both retarded groups was considerably slower than in the nonretarded group, and effortful processing was also slower to develop. (JW)

An approach to teaching grammar concepts treats conceptualization as a process of sensitization, consisting of three stages: motivating the student to learn the concept, presenting the operating concept and the grammatical category in question, and consolidating and enriching the concept in the student's mind. (MSE)