Accumulating evidence suggested that during the first 3 years a child needs a certain amount and quality of experience for an optimal rate of intellectual development. (Author)

Explains the history, philosophy, and practices of public preschools in Russia. (DR)

Discusses possible ways of providing continuity of care for young children of working mothers, including industry - sponsored day nurseries, cooperative nursery schools, communal clusters where working and nonworking women share household tasks and child care, and expanded neighborhood day care. (MG)

Research supported in part by VRA grant 2569-P.

Reviews evolutionary, psychoanalytic, social learning, and cognitive developmental approaches to the development of altruism and proposes a framework that integrates the approaches. The four approaches are compared in terms of three general issues: the origin of altruism, the conception of altruism as a state or a trait, and individual differences…

This paper briefly reviews various conceptions of adolescence, particularly Erikson's theories of identity development. It reports a study of Canadian high school females, classified as open/moratorium, closed/foreclosed, or diffuse. Characteristics of each of these student types are outlined and implications for education and counseling are…

While advocating one theory, based on developing critical abilities, which he feels best rationalizes the total literary experience, the author argues that almost any rationale would be preferable to the current absence of a rationale for college literature curriculum--better both for the students and for the discipline. (Author/SJL)

Argues that the teacher's most significant contribution is to help children believe in their capabilities. Several rules of thumb for teachers are mentioned: avoid negativism, create success opportunities for students, relate to students as individuals, encourage risk-taking, communicate help with social needs, and build student feelings of…

To place the concept of emotion in perspective, various issues must be considered: the usefulness of emotion as a unitary concept; the measurement of emotions and the relations among diverse measures; developmental changes; the origins of individual differences in emotional behavior; and the relation between emotional and cognitive development.…

In this article particular attention is paid to research directly or indirectly relevant to child development programs and supplemental child care. Emphasis is given to the integration of findings, the identification of unaddressed questions, and methodological problems. (MS)

Examined how parenting style and inter-parental conflict lead to changes in toddler boys' inhibition between ages 1 and 3. Found that boys who are less inhibited than expected at age 3 have parents who are relatively more insensitive, intrusive, and negative in parenting style than are parents of children who remain more consistent over time.…

Examined effect of negative affect of parents and peers on young children's affective responses, cognitive appraisals, and coping strategies. Found that compared to peer negative affect, children felt they could do little to help themselves when faced with paternal distress and frequently indicated they would use avoidant coping strategies to feel…