This dialectical analysis is guided by four basic principles--social construction, totality, contradiction, and praxis. The organization is seen as a concrete, multileveled phenomenon beset by contradictions that continuously undermine its existing features. (Author/IRT)

Explores prevalent assumptions about what religious organizations are and do, how they fit into the independent or nonprofit sector, and what is reasonable to expect of or for them. Reviews basic facts about the nature, scope, operations, and support of religious organizations, examining their levels of independence. Focuses on the basic…

An examination of AmeriCorps in five communities focused on its impact on the capacity of local community-based organizations to achieve community goals. Most partner organizations were unable to build sufficient commitment for self-governance; few programs were designed to encourage collective goals. Getting things done in local communities may…

Defines international intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs); discusses the General Accounting Office report on selected IGOs; describes the World Health Organization, Pan American Health Organization, International Labor Organization, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, and the United…

Although women make up over half of the U.S. workforce, they continue to encounter difficulties, including male domination as well as inequities in pay, benefits, and other rewards (Bierema, 2001). Billett (2002) suggests opportunities to advance are "subject to workplace practices that reproduce inequities through contested workplace relations."…

In the early 1990s, a small group of dedicated two-year college English faculty, led by Helon Raines, began the fight for the Two-Year College English Association (TYCA), a professional organization that would give two-year college English faculty across the nation a respected identity and voice within the National Council of Teachers of English…

The United Nations System Standing Committee on Nutrition (SCN) is a forum where United Nations (UN) agencies, bilateral partners, and nongovernmental agencies meet to harmonize and coordinate nutrition policy and programs. This report reviews the positions taken regarding nutrition education throughout SCN publications, annual sessions, and…

Findings reveal the great importance of human sources of information and sources outside the organization. Divisional boundaries, functional specialization, and level were all found to act as significant barriers to information flows, and thus as limitations to organizational effectiveness. (Author/WM)

The directory of Adult Education Agencies in Egypt is a listing of six different types of organizations: national bodies and central agencies; teachers' training institutes and research institutions; adult education institutions (governmental); adult education institutions (non-governmental); central libraries and documentation centers; and…

To meet the educational goals of his school, a principal would benefit from a knowledge of the informal interpersonal relationships present in his school. Through sociograms and the Organizational Climate Description Questionnaire (OCDQ), five hypotheses of informal organization relationships were tested. Four hypotheses were supported by…

Based on replies to a questionnaire sent by the Office of Education to education associations and organizations, this directory is organized by (1) national and regional education associations; (2) college professional fraternities, honor societies, and recognition societies (national); (3) State education associations; (4) foundations; (5)…

A review of some of the basic approaches to the study of supervision in organizations leads to the conclusion that the behavioristic methodology of searching for temporal and spatial correlations between assessed events without establishing specific connections to theoretical networks has provided an inadequate basis for the understanding of the…

A total of 296 faculty members completed three versions of the Pupil Control Ideology (PCI) form and a sociometric scale. Findings revealed positive relationships between the individual teacher's PCI and his perception of the PCI both of members of his informal group and of teachers in the school district. (Author)

Some organizations, such as the college or school, are by the nature of their enterprise, anarchic and, where this is so, attempts to retain predictability by strong boundary maintenance are irrelevant, since unpredictability is built into the organization. (Author)

As schools are typically organized, children work under the guidance of female teachers employed by a male principal (the boss) empowered to interrupt their classes at will and mete out discipline. The principal serves as district stationmaster but not necessarily as educator. Two hypothetical examples show how teachers and secretaries can…