Eighty-eight first graders (53 boys and 35 girls) were observed to determine whether attentiveness (visual orienting behavior, or direction of gaze) was related to reading achievement prior to the effects of long-term success-failure school experiences and whether the expected superior reading achievement of girls was related to observed…

Words were used as the stimulus factors to test the two-stage reading process. The first stage is a decoding stage in which the words are perceived and translated into an acoustic code, and the second stage is a semantic matching stage in which words were categorized into three phonological factors (word length, vowel complexity, and regularity)…

A selection of papers presented at the Second World Congress on Reading held in Copenhagen in August, 1968, reflects the views of educators from 25 countries on facets of reading instruction. Central to the Congress was its stress on education as a human right. The raising of literacy goals and the roles played by various agencies in accomplishing…

This longitudinal study compared the longterm effects of beginning reading instruction in traditional orthography (TO) and the initial teaching alphabet (i.t.a.) on two pupil populations comparable in intelligence, socioeconomic status, and preschool experience. Teacher and school factors were rigorously controlled. A continuous comparison of…

The Miller-Unruh Basic Reading Act of 1965 expresses the commitment of the California State Legislature to helping children in the primary grades learn to read successfully. Specific objectives of the Act are the prevention and correction of reading disabilities at the earliest possible time in the educational career of the pupil. The long-range…

Having rejected the assumption that children meeting the criteria of "unimpaired" possess the basic perceptual skills needed to organize raw data into meaningful symbolic units, and the notion that children less adept in these skills can be categorized as "learning disabled" or "culturally disadvantaged," the Learning Research and Development…

COMPARISONS WERE MADE AMONG THREE APPROACHES TO DEVELOPING ENGLISH ARTS SKILLS, PARTICULARLY IN READING, WITH FIRST-GRADE CHILDREN FROM SPANISH-SPEAKING HOMES. PARTICIPATING CHILDREN WERE RANDOMLY GIVEN ONE OF THREE INSTRUCTIONAL TREATMENTS FOR ENGLISH-READING--(1) BASAL READING, (2) SECOND LANGUAGE READING, AND (3) LANGUAGE-EXPERIENCE READING. IT…

This review of the literature on kindergarten assessment and its relationship to primary reading achievement is divided into the the following sections: (1) studies which support early assessment; (2) studies which suggest the use of a battery over a single readiness test; (3) studies which utilize assessment data for treatment purposes; (4)…

This book is intended primarily for parents who are interested in helping their children develop a positive attitude toward reading. Chapters include "Helping Your Child Learn about Reading,""Helping Your Child Enjoy Reading,""Developing the Reading Vocabulary,""When Your Child Reads to You,""Understanding What Is Read,""Reading in the Real…

After a review of the research related to the feasibility of initiating reading instruction before first grade, kindergarten curriculum guides from l3 large cities were studied and analyzed. These analyses indicated a trend toward less postponement of reading instruction, though reading readiness still tended to be defined in terms of oral…

Papers collected in this volume were presented at the Fifth Annual Blumberg Symposium on Research in Early Childhood Education, held at Johns Hopkins University in 1974. Selections include "Alexia" (D. Frank Benson), "Young Children's Expectations for Reading" (Doris R. Entwisle), "Relations between Acquisition of…

Provides a self-assessment instrument that identifies teachers' attitudes toward various methods of teaching beginning reading. Suggests ways that this instrument can be used in reading program evaluations. (RL)

A study of the oral language of Native American children indicates that many are not proficient enough in English to learn to read. Suggestions are given for language development. (MKM)

Concludes that beginning reading instruction organized around a phonic decoding model effectively teaches beginners how to decode novel (untaught) words, and that sound blending is important in this process. (RL)

Explores some ways in which teachers can direct the efforts of parents so that children gain the best possible advantage in learning to read. (Author)