THIS STUDY REPORTED ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION OF NEW PROCEDURES FOR INSTRUCTION OF DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICES TO AMERICAN YOUTH. A REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE WHICH WAS CONDUCTED BY AN INVESTIGATIVE TEAM. THE STUDIES (212) WERE ABSTRACTED AND COMPRISED THE ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY. A WORKING SET OF DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES WERE…

The hypothesis that the presence of males inhibits the emergence of women as leaders and that this phenomenon is unrelated to differences in dominance, but rather to sex role expectations, was tested. Thirty women attending a woman's college were paired with both male and female peers, whom they did not know, for an experimental task in which one…

This study attempts to determine if general principles of effective communication may be defined, if certain principles may be seen as central to the judgment of an individual's effectiveness, and if such principles of effective communication can affect perceptions of effective and ineffective communicators. Respondents to a 60-item questionnaire…

This paper discusses the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the relationship between cognitive abilities and behavioral competencies in elderly institutional residents. The former was assessed by an array of five cognitive measures: two Piagetian tasks, Set Test, WAIS Vocabulary and Digit Span subtests, and the WMS Associate Learning subtest;…

Three distinct theoretical explanations for the effect of attire on aiding behavior were examined in a study. The reinforcing value of attire itself predicted that well-dressed persons would always receive more assistance than poorly dressed persons. The reinforcing value of perceived similarity predicted that similar persons would receive more…

Qualitative/naturalistic inquiry intends to discover whatever naturally occurring order exists rather than to test various theories or conceptual frameworks held by the investigator. Naturalistic, ecological data are urgently needed concerning the behavior of educational administrators. Such data can considerably change the knowledge base of the…

When do we accept another's opinion regarding the characteristics or beliefs of a target person, and when do we reject that opinion? Different sorts of information may need to be assimilated by the perceiver. When does one type of information take priority over the other? A central focus of attribution research has been on the informational value…

ALTHOUGH IT IS ASSUMED THAT PLAY THERAPY IS BENEFICIAL TO CHILDREN, LITTLE RELEVANT RESEARCH DATA IS AVAILABLE CONCERNING THE NATURE AND EXTENT OF ITS EFFECTIVENESS. THE EXISTING PAUCITY OF RESEARCH INFORMATION CONCERNED WITH PLAYROOM BEHAVIOR IS ATTRIBUTABLE TO (1) THE INADEQUATE CONCEPTUALIZATION OF RELEVANT THEORY AND OF THE SITUATIONAL…

The project was designed to orient educators and behavioral scientists to information systems capable of supplying work-related data. This goal was accomplished in two ways: (1) a series of seminars was held at the annual conventions of the American Sociological Association, the American Psychological Association, the American Vocational…

This document discusses and critically reviews problems existing with utilizing traditional experimental methods in psychology, particularly engineering psychology. Experimental and correlational data collection methods are defined and compared. Arguments are presented for merging the more productive features of each. The combined approach is…

The appendix contains papers, reports, and other materials that were reviewed by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research during its deliberations on research involving children. Entries include the following titles and authors: "Research Involving Children" (Survey Research Center); "Law…

This study extends previous research investigating the extent to which leadership behavior evaluations are a function of the sex of the leader being evaluated as well as the evaluator's sex. Androgyny (the masculinity/femininity of the evaluator's own personality) was added as a possible predictor, and the evaluator's occupational level (student…

This paper suggests specific experimental designs, criteria measures, and testing procedures for the empirical study of various field forces operative in the structure of the television picture. The purpose of the paper is twofold: first, to illustrate, through selected videotapes, the various field forces and, second, to provide specific…

The importance of decision making to organizational existence has provided ample justification for many forms of research into the complex decision making process. The decision making process in modern, large organizations draws inputs from and provides outputs to many smaller internal decision units. Incompatible or conflicting inputs and outputs…

This study examined father-infant and mother-infant relationships by observing infants and parents in their homes. The subjects were 20 infants, 10 boys and 10 girls, 7 and 8 months of age. Each infant was visited twice when both parents were at home. All visits were made by the same two persons: a male observer, who maintained a narrative account…