This chapter considers the design of incentive pay systems for teachers and principals and the challenges facing policy makers who seek to design them. The author argues that policy makers must direct the efforts of teachers and principals toward schools' mission--the acquisition of skills and knowledge among children--and must find ways to link…

A substantial body of literature considers excessive corruption an indicator of a weak state. However, in nondemocratic societies, corruption--whether informally approved, imposed, or regulated by public authorities--is often an indicator of a vertical power rather than an indicator of a weak state. This article explores the interrelations between…

A study examined truth bias, probing, and prebriefing as they relate to perception of deception, and whether nonverbal cues can be stronger predictors of the perception of deception than verbal cues. Subjects, 113 students from a large western university, responded in their classrooms to 1 of 8 inductions formed to complete a 2 (probe, no probe) x…

This commentary makes the case for a re-examination of certain existing guidelines of the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) regarding reimbursement of salary costs under NIH grants. The settlement earlier this year involving salary costs and effort reporting at Northwestern University has…

Asks whether macro-assessment of honesty has utility for detecting deception. Multiple regression analyses indicate that honesty assessments can be only partially predicted from communication style, characterized by the level of friendliness, attentiveness, preciseness, animation, and dramatic style. (JK)

Examines whether trained observers detect deception more accurately than untrained observers. Finds that trained observers judge veracity of low self-monitors and unrehearsed liars with higher deception detection accuracy. Reports that discrepancy between observers' actual ability to detect deception and certainty in their judgment accuracy is…

Children's use of the terms "lie" and "truth" was examined. Participants were 150 subjects in five groups: nursery schoolers, preschoolers, first graders, fifth graders, and adults. Results support the development of definitional prototypes for the concepts of lie and truth. (RH)

This study evaluated 100 mothers with Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (the fabrication of illness by a mother in her child). Approximately half of the mothers had either smothered or poisoned their child as part of their fabrications. Lifetime psychiatric histories were reported for 47 of the mothers. The most notable psychopathology was personality…

Employs time series analysis to model individual and discursive influences on the response latencies of deceivers and truthtellers. Shows that a decay impulse model provides a good description of the data. Finds that message veracity and self-monitoring combined to affect the fit of the decay impulse model. (SR)

The reasons for moving from paper coupons to delivering food stamps electronically include potential reduction in the cost of administering the system and in fraud, theft and abuse of the system. Furthermore, the use of EBT is believed o reduce social stigma and embarrassment felt by recipients when using paper coupon. Therefore, using survey data…

Academic dishonesty among students reveals potential problems in the teaching of psychology. In particular, a teaching pedagogy that emphasizes information delivery, and uses examinations as a method to discriminate among students aspiring for social and financial status, contributes to an academic climate of dishonesty. As a constructive…

The history of mathematics is full of rich examples that can help students to see the place of the discipline within our cultural heritage. Valuable as this can be, it also has the unfortunate side-effect of making students think that all the math has already been done and they do not get a sense that the subject is dynamic and growing.…

Overall the past decade has not been kind to educational research. First, some "research" has been subordinated to and corrupted by ideology. Second, there has been substantial questioning of what educational research should be and a fear that the federal government is moving to a rigid orthodoxy in defining what counts as…

Two studies were conducted to test a theoretical model of the psychological and communicative links that mediate the impact of the chilling effect on the continued concealment of secrets in families. More specifically, we argued that individuals' continued concealment of a secret from aggressive family members would be mediated by the desire for…

While the ideal of the translator as the successfully transcultured self at the core of intercultural communication still informs a lot of articles and books on translation, historical-descriptive approaches to translation studies as well as contemporary fiction have in the past two decades provided a very different picture of the realities of…