The purpose of this study was to test instrumentality theory predictions of work effort. The amount of effort exerted on various tasks by a group of faculty members at a large university in the U.S. was examined. It was found that the modifications of the theory generally led to improved predictions of effort. (JB)

This article discusses fundamental principles of design and interpretation of factorial studies in an effort to minimize blatant misuses of the factor analysis technique. The article concludes with several recommendations for improving the design of factor analytic studies in rehabilitation. (Author)

Results of study show mothers play more important role than fathers in their sons' acquisition of self control; a primary factor is the mother's course of action after her son has disobeyed familial or societal rules. (Author/SP)

Co-observer evaluations affected the imitation of older children when they were alone, but not that of younger children. (Author)

Data shows that the nursery school child will resort to rhythmic behavior more often in a situation with significant environmental constraints''; such behavior has an analgesic or a general soothing influence.'' (Author/SP)

The relationship between an individual's opinion on a social issue and the knowledge that individual has of the facts pertinent to that issue is different for males than it is for females. (Author)

Evaluated are teachers who participated in a year-long program of weekly environmental workshops. The study attempts to identify the impact of the training upon the teachers. Results indicate marked changes in values and philosophical outlook. (BL)

Initial experiment demonstrated operant acquisition of an instrumental hand-pulling response in 4-8-month-old infants; the effect achieved with contingent, noncontingent, delayed reinforcement, and the suppression, recovery, and facilitation effects of noncontingent stimulation are discussed. (Author)

In the experiments reported here grammaticalness and meaningfulness were found to be of much greater significance than word frequency, interword association or syntactic frame in the comprehension of deviant sentences. (Author/FWB)

For the plausible communication more attitude change was associated with high and unidentified sources. The unsubstantiated communication elicited more attitude change with the high source only. No source differences were found in the implausible condition. (SD)

In a naturalistic behavioral stdy, it was found that prematures have significantly more endogenous smiling than full-term newborns. (Authors)