This study examined the relationship of nonverbal encoding and decoding skills to the level of exposure to television. Subjects were children in second through sixth grade. Three nonverbal skills (decoding, spontaneous encoding, and posed encoding) were assessed for each of five emotions: anger, disgust, fear or surprise, happiness, and sadness.…

The effect that television programs have on the socialization of children is examined. As traditional sources of socialization have declined, and children's viewing of television has dramatically increased, it is important to consider just what children are learning from television programs about the world and their place in it. A study of the…

Cooperative learning (CL) is reviewed as a tool for helping educationally disadvantaged or limited-English-speaking students. A review of meta analyses and literature on CL indicates its effectiveness when both group goals and individual accountability are incorporated into learning methods. The achievement gap between traditional majority…

A case is made for establishing more community-based socialization programs for 10- to 15-year-old black males from disadvantaged families in poor neighborhoods. It is argued that effectively run neighborhood-based programs can accomplish the following: (1) establish caring and nurturing relationships that earn youths' attention and trust; (2)…

The purpose of the study described in this paper was to explore the experience of student teachers working in a track-system and the meaning drawn from that experience. In order to gain access to this meaning, the method of in-depth, phenomenological interviewing was utilized. This research model is based on a format that one makes meaning of his…

Cooperative learning processes have been rediscovered and are being used throughout the country on every level. The basic elements of cooperative goal structure are positive interdependence, individual accountability, face-to-face interaction, and cooperative skills. The teacher's role in structuring cooperative learning situations involves…

The analysis presented here focuses on different problem situations extracted from everyday interactions in which individual developmental changes of the child interfere with well-established interaction patterns of the family. These problem situations require conjoint mastery of two objectives: (a) successful integration of the child into the…

This study presents a framework for instructional programs based on four assumptions about the sociocultural background of black children: (1) black children share a common cultural heritage, a history of oppression and racial injustice in America; (2) black children grow and develop in a family environment that is historically different in…

The major aims of this book are to provide an account of racial attitude development in young children and to describe the effects of racism on the development of black children, specifically in the United Kingdom. The book draws freely on American and British research in an effort to illuminate the British experience. The first two chapters…

A two-part study investigated female college students' preferences for stereotyped or nonstereotyped role models and the relationship of such preferences to the choice of traditional versus nontraditional careers. A total of 211 women students from a mid-Atlantic state university (all the enrolled women) as well as a stratified-by-college…

Replicating two previous studies of the transition process of students in field experience programs, this study examined the reactions or feelings that fifth-year graduate student teachers experience, and compared them with those of early field experience and undergraduate student teachers. During their first semester, the teachers kept journals…

This compilation of three papers investigates theoretical and practical facets of career development, focusing on cognitive theory and decision-making theory and their roles in the formation of computerized career development systems. In the first paper ("Cognitive-Behavioral Theory and Its Application to Career Development"), Gerald…

Change in the roles of women in American society during the past 15 years provides an opportunity to evaluate basic theories dealing with life course, the impact of early socialization, and trait analysis. The case of women in the legal profession is of particular value in exploring these issues since law, an exclusively male domain for more than…

A broad survey of democratic political attitudes of United States and West German students was developed jointly by the Governmental Education Division of the Vinson Institute of Government at the University of Georgia and the Bundeszentrale fur politische Bildung in Bonn. This survey sought to probe twelfth-year students' attitudes toward…

The relationship of gender to the profession of teaching and curricular decision making is explored from a feminist point of view in this paper. The following questions were considered: (1)What are the experiences of those women who are preparing to teach and have an orientation toward teaching which is empowering for themselves and their students…