A 1983 study of managers in a large Canadian corporation found that women were only 80 percent as likely as their male colleagues to be promoted. The influence of gender on a manager's chances of promotion was found to be sizeable even when career-related factors were held constant. (JOW)

A teacher recounts how she dealt with a new student who was prone to tears and her peers who liked to evoke them. After discovering that the child had family problems, the teacher selected a group of peers to befriend her. (CB)

The socialization of teachers is discussed with reference to personal and structural influences of the classroom, the institution, the society, and the teachers' own recollections of experiences as pupils in schools and as students in teacher education. Structural influences at the classroom level are of major importance. (Author/MT)

It is suggested that the majority of problematic assumptions in sport socialization research have occurred at the methodological level rather than at the theoretical level. In addition, a breakdown between theory and subsequent operationalization has occurred. A discussion of these issues is presented. (Author/MT)

Participant observation found that the barbershop studies perpetuated sex-role stereotypes, encouraged sexist attitudes toward women and, in general, was a sex-role socialization setting that promoted sex-role inequality. (GC)

Argues that although both functionalist and "reproductive" radical paradigms of formal education assume that students passively internalize dominant norms and values taught by the school, the assumption is not invariably tenable. Demonstrates that systems of education serve as agents of legitimation and mediate the dialective…

More than 50 percent of Brazil's population is under age 18 and subjected to a kind of homogenization by the cultural industry, with radio and television dominating the diffusion of music. (PD)

Nursing graduates of 1980 had a significantly higher score on the political scale of the Allport Vernon Lindsey Scale of Values than did 1974 graduates, signifying that the recent group valued assertiveness, independence, and achievement to a greater degree. This increase in nontraditional values appeared to be closely tied to the socialization…

Explores the concepts of event analysis, the natural history method, and the ritual process in relation to the processes of culture transmission. Focuses on one American ritual, the family reunion, as an example of a learning context within which children absorb a culture's patterns and rhythms. (Author/CMG)

Discusses the incidence of crime (and other indicators of alienation) for school-aged, young Americans in terms of sociological variables. Draws on the tradition of research in culture and personality to interpret these failures of socialization in terms of certain widespread changes in patterns of child-rearing. (Author/JAC)

Results of two experiments indicate that dimensions of the social situation in which social behaviors are modeled influence eight-month-old children's tendency to imitate and their choice of recipients for their imitation. (Author/RH)

Examines the theories of Aronfreed, Bandura, Berger, and Hygge. Also reviews experimental evidence published since 1962 which supports theories of observational learning of emotional behavior. While the theories posit that different conditions are necessary to vicarious instigation, most research does not test the theories in any direct way.…

Sampled 106 children's television cartoons to determine the nature and extent of material on aging. Results indicated that although old age is not a dominant theme, the topic is typically framed in negative terms with a potential to reinforce dominant cultural stereotypes. (JAC)

This handbook has been designed to assist educators in their attempts to assess, develop, implement, and monitor schoolwide discipline programs. It contains the main components and implementation guidelines for a complete schoolwide discipline plan. Brief explanations, procedural guidelines, examples, and worksheets are included to enable users to…

Literature on the national poverty war is examined, focusing on concepts of community action and resident participation as contributors to adult education of the poor for improved social and civic competence. The literature is found to demonstrate positive, though limited, aspects of participation as civic education. (AG)