This paper presents a definition of leadership in relation to power and authority and in terms of the impact of various types of influence attempts in formal organizations. The actions and reactions of superordinates and subordinates occur in terms of cultural values, group norms, and social responses derived from the social learning processes.…

This work describes how, over three centuries, colleges have been expected to assume responsibility for the care and socialization of the young while "...the task had grown all the more difficult because a prosperous society, immersed in sensation, easily swept by currents of irrationality, deeply puzzled by questions of national purpose, and…

In seminar dialogues, the relationship of youth to the world of work, values related to work, the economic realities, definitions of work, and planning for youth and work were discussed among faculty and students of the University of Minnesota and several members of the general citizenry of the Minneapolis-St. Paul area. It was concluded that the…

In Tanzania, adult education is seen as going beyond increasing skill levels to raising political consciousness. If it is desired to narrow the gap between the educated and uneducated, the role of University adult education evening classes as an agent of increased social stratification must be examined. Mass radio study groups may be one means of…

The focus of this paper is the application of laboratory-derived principles to a more real-life situation. Specifically, a learning model is presented with the intent that principles and procedures derived from it be directly applicable to learning in the college classroom. The model presented is derived from 2 orientation to the phenomena of…

Syria and Turkey differ in styles of government and patterns of media use. Syria is governed by a military junta; factionalism, intolerance of opposition, and the lack of any options except the use of force to gain political power, have inhibited political stability. Syrian newspapers have low credibility and are characterized by low standards,…

Some 248 books, articles, speeches, statements, and testimonies concerning the effects of television advertising on children are listed. Material that relates primarily to the effects of television program content is not included. The listing is alphabetical by author. All items were published between 1945 and 1975, with the majority published in…

The political socialization of Chinese youth is described. (DE)

The continued need for political socialization of Chinese youth is emphasized. (DE)

A discussion on the need for research to focus on the effects of simulation games on students and social learning. (HB)

Play, game, and sport contribute to the socialization of the child and help to restrict individual expression and potential to socially acceptable roles. What is needed is a move from traditional regimentation to more freedom in choice and more focus upon intrinsic rewards available in sports participation. (MJB)

Experimenters attempted to make eye contact with commuters as they approached an express train linking city and suburb. Results support the hypothesis that reduced eye contact with strangers in the city is a short-term adaptation to interpersonal overload. (Author)

Analysis of the ability of 17 autistic children to recognize age and sex-related characteristics of people indicated that autistic children were markedly impaired in their ability to differentiate adults from children and males from females when compared to nonautistic retarded and normal children. (Author/DB)

Sex hormones in the prenatal brain of humans influence the subsequent sexual status or orientation of the individual as bisexual, heterosexual, or homosexual. Postnatal socialization is another contributing factor. Sexual orientation is not under the direct governance of chromosomes and genes. (Author/VM)

Argues that legal socialization entails a commitment to institutional authority and variations in attitudes toward such authority emerge in adolescence. Presents a study in which attitudes toward institutional behavior were examined, finding a sex difference (males more negative and less compliant) and a significant correlation of attitudes with…