This paper discusses the effects of pretraining counseling clients for group therapy sessions. In an attempt to speed the group process and give maximum coverage to all college students requesting group therapy, pretraining experiences were given to members of three experimental groups and were compared to one control group. The experimental…

This six-culture study sought to make a first approximation measurement of differences in personality development and the socialization of these differences in children. The study was part of a larger strategy involving other cultures and methods. A sample of 24 children from each of the six cultures was selected and observed during at least 12…

This paper describes a test which attempts to measure a group of personality traits by analyzing the actual behavior of the participant in a computer-simulated game. ECHO evolved from an extension and computerization of Horstein and Deutsch's allocation game. The computerized version of ECHO requires subjects to make decisions about the allocation…

This paper examines the validity of diagnostic categories frequently used to classify children with severe language disorders by determining the relationship of the categories to independently derived developmental, psychological, and medical variables. It is argued that the classification systems currently available too often fail to achieve the…

The personality disposition of the motive to avoid success (Horner, 1968) is evaluated on theoretical and empirical ground. A situational interpretation is proposed as a more parsimonious explanation of the phenomenon. Presented are a series of studies examining the behavioral effects of the motive to avoid success: anxiety manifesting itself as a…

The study employs stepwise regression analysis to relate work and total job satisfaction with the following measures: job characteristics as reflected by job dimension scores and work quality dimensions, both being based on the Position Analysis Questionnaire; job-related interests expressed by job incumbents, as measured by the Job Activity…

The focus of this paper is the role interactions and subjective characteristics of relationships between Negro grandparents and grandchildren in a southern urban low-income area. A modified form of the Adams Kinship Schedule was used to collect the data from personal interviews in the home setting. Findings indicate that grandmothers are important…

This paper presents a system designed to measure group role behavior and the direction and degree of subgroup interaction during small group meetings. The system utilizes file classifications of role behavior subdivided into 11 behavior categories. Data are collected in sample observations using live recorders or VTR equipment. Data analysis…

Like all good social research methods, the interview demands careful planning and intelligent administration. The study director formulates the goals of the study, which serve as the basis for the interview schedule or instrument. The interview schedule decided upon may be standardized or unstandardized. Questions may be closed-ended or…

The Responsive Environments Project is an interdisciplinary approach to the creation of conceptual structures which are sufficiently clarifying to be of genuine help in (1) guiding the construction of formal systems relevant to the behavioral sciences, (2) designing new educational equipment, (3) formulating heuristic principles to guide empirical…

In the attempt to develop means for underemployed workers to increase their level of economic success, 684 south Texans (mostly Mexican Americans) were retrained for aircraft assembly and then relocated in the Dallas vicinity. Some 46 relocated workers were interviewed 1 month after their relocation in order to ascertain adjustment patterns…

Psychological researchers should deal with the concrete stimulus-response principles of learning on which behavior is based, and study behaviors that are representative of real life behaviors. The present research strategy has come from two faulty ideas: first, a concern with underlying, inferred mental processes, rather than with actual tasks or…

This study investigates the effects of teaching decision-making skills on the classroom behavior of middle school problem students. Small groups of students met for 15 weeks with a counselor who adapted the "Deciding" program (College Entrance Examination Board) as the decision-making paradigm. Coppersmith's Self-Esteem Index and…

Confrontation, or aggressive verbal behavior, has been defended as a rhetorical tactic by some communication theorists on five bases: biological, psychological, sociological, rhetorical, and intellectual. Proponents of "rhetorical sensitivity," however, differ from those who would accept confrontation uncritically. Confrontation is not…

The primary thrust of this book is the presentation of two divergent models of man, the explicit and implicit philosophical assumptions which characterize each view, the conditions of learning compatible with each model, and the educational implications of each position. An introductory section considers the two models of man--the phenomenological…