The existence, size, purpose, and organization and administration of internally sponsored research programs in colleges and universities are documented in this study. It is shown that the vast majority of these programs exist as a centralized function of the institution. Support ranges from under $1,000 to over $500,000. (Author/LBH)

Given the conditions of choice, time, and distance, trainees' interview responses (N=54) reflected neither the influence of their philosophy of human nature nor the effects of client type. These findings are contrary to expectations. (Author)

Young (N=18) and older (N=18) adults participated in a vocabulary task involving varying degrees of risk with a payoff structure that varied either directly or inversely with risk. In contrast to prior research using constant payoff structures, results did not indicate that older adults are more cautious than young adults. (Author)

How does a cross section of the black community feel about white parents adopting black children? This study suggests that the majority of blacks do not support the militant position against transracial adoption and, in fact, favor such adoption when the alternative is institutionalization. (Author)

The development of simulated case materials is presented as a training program and research problem. The simulated materials were designed to reflect extent of disability and level of risk in terms of successful outcome. Initial research findings and modifications for more automated training approaches are discussed. (Author)

A compound major individual difference variable having a putative physiological basis--arousal and the stimulation-seeking motive, which has not heretofore been intestigated in studies of assortative mating--was the focus of the present study. In addition, three choticism--were included for study. (Author)

Describes how students can write research papers incorporating good conversation. (DD)

Historically black colleges and universities need subject expertise and aggressive tactics to win Department of Defense research contracts, despite Pentagon efforts to target black colleges. The colleges compete with institutions whose minority group populations, alone or combined, are a majority of total enrollment. Several approaches useful in…

Evidence for the genetic basis of autism is offered, as is evidence that environmental determinants also play a role. Research involving the Human Genome Project, using linkage analysis with affected autistic sibling pairs to identify polymorphic marker genes, is described and proposed. (DB)

Discusses two research projects, one focusing on descriptions, interpretations, and evaluations of landscape paintings and the other on the concept of "nature" in a prototypical example of modern European literature. Illustrates the importance of art and literature for developing environmental literacy and awareness. (Author/JRH)

Describes the mission, structure, information dissemination, and research program of the 50-year-old National Foundation for Educational Research. Summarizes work in testing, program evaluation, and integration of students with special needs. (SK)

Describes four techniques for investigating animal behavior in situations where it is relatively easy to obtain meaningful data. Presents investigations for attention responses and habituation of domestic animals to sound stimuli, interaction of lambs and ewes, behavior of lambs in a simple T-maze, and vigilance in birds at a feeder. (JRH)

Focuses on the user and human-computer interaction aspects of the research based on the Okapi text retrieval system. Three experiments implementing different approaches to query expansion are described, including the use of graphical user interfaces with different windowing techniques. (Author/LRW)

Describes a program that uses independent study in English to engage gifted high school students. The program requires students to leave school to research a topic of choice, present the acquired knowledge, and determine their own grades. The students pursue their projects with the help of mentors. (CR)

Explores technology in science education in five paths: (1) science texts and lectures; (2) science discussions and collaboration; (3) data collection and representation; (4) science visualization; and (5) science simulation and modeling. (Contains 92 references.) (Author/SOE)