This report presents the results of a survey of the attitudes of a sample group of white artisans and technicians (N=1151) in Durban and Cape Town, South Africa, towards the vertical job mobility of black workers. White artisans in Durban and Cape Town have much more experience in working on a par with members of other population groups than the…

This booklet identifies four critical areas for alcohol and drug abuse prevention strategies: communities, parents and families, schools, and the workplace. Under each area, specific ideas for action and pertinent resource materials are described. The community strategies described include youth organizations, policies and laws, counseling, the…

This document reviews, synthesizes, and critiques research on factors related to job satisfaction among psychotherapists. A sample of burnout literature is also reviewed, especially as it relates to job satisfaction. The impact of training on job satisfaction is considered, with sections examining the need to match training with job descriptions,…

A soldier's occupation is a very stressful one, especially for junior enlisted soldiers who have little control over their highly-regimented work lives. This prospective study examined the relationship between soldier occupational stress and health and well-being 8 to 10 months later. Through an ongoing, longitudinal study of attitudes, health,…

A study of collaboration and the ongoing negotiation of authority in police helicopter work focused on inflight communication in one helicopter during two weeks of operation. Data were drawn from audio and video recordings of internal and external communications obtained inflight and from observation and physiological indicators of stress and…

If presented as challenges to practitioners' conventional assumptions about organizations, new views of educational administration might find greater acceptance. Practical experience shows, for example, that variance and unpredictability are phenomena normal to all organizations. Schools, too, are loosely coupled systems. Nor are decision…

In 1886, the New York "Tribune" ran a series of articles by Helen Campbell, "The Prisoners of Poverty," which investigated the sufferings of working women in New York's slums. Initially a fiction and housekeeping writer, Helen Campbell's home economics orientation first pointed her toward the problems of the poor. In the late…

Labor unions in the U.S.S.R.--having emerged in Russia about 100 years after U.S. labor unions and been called by Lenin the "shock troops of the revolution"--do not much resemble their U.S. counterparts. Union members, including factory managers, constitute 99.3 percent of the work force, and place of employment or profession determines…

As fewer opportunities exist for private practice on the part of the professional, his employment situation assumes the characteristic of the terror of maintaining continuous credibility or the boredom of bureaucratic stagnation. (Author)

A Training survey revealed that 77 percent of the companies surveyed who regularly station employees overseas provide some kind of special training for those employees, but most of the training is simply rudimentary opportunities to learn some of the language and the culture of the country visited. (Author/AG)

The Job Descriptive Index was administered to employees of six university libraries, and six separate departments of one university library to determine their attitudes toward supervision, work, people, pay, and promotion policies. (LS)

This report describes a study which examined the economic conditions under which artists function and the processes artists use to get work exhibited. The interaction of these two factors and their relationship to exhibition and sales success were also studied. Two techniques were used to collect data. The first was a series of group discussions…

This brief survey of the conceptual development of the morale-productivity relationship examines some of the major representative studies of this subject from the 1930s through the 1970s. The author notes the trend away from thinking of productivity and morale as simply and directly related, the traditional view assumed in the early research. He…

More sophisticated and better controlled light, a key factor in environmental engineering, is discussed in three sections as follows--(1) how light should be released into interior spaces to satisfy the optical, physiological and psychological characteristics of people, (2) ways of reducing reflected glare, including the use of polarization, and…

Differential perceptions of standard, established jobs in a stable organization (telephone company plant department) were obtained for sixteen jobs rated by job incumbents, peers, and supervisors on eight characteristics (variety, autonomy, task identity, feedback, friendship opportunities, dealing with others, prestige compared to craft jobs, and…