Examines the role of accounting calculations in reorganizing manufacturing capabilities of a vertically integrated global retailing company. Introducing teamwork to replace line work extended traditional, hierarchical management control systems. Teamwork's self-managing demands contravened workers' established sense of self-identity as…

After 267 workers were trained, one group received goal-setting training, a second group self-management training, and a third no additional training. Goal setting improved perceptions of transfer; both interventions were more effective in supportive work environments. (Dale M. Brethower's invited reaction critiques the study from the perspective…

This article provides an overview of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL), the leading cause of occupationally induced hearing loss in industrialized countries. It discusses causes of NIHL and compelling evidence that reactive oxygen metabolites and cochlear hypoprefusion are responsible for the destruction of cochlear hair cells. Prevention is also…

Describes how at the University of Maryland at College Park, language professors say mold growing in their offices is not only destructive to morale, but also endangers their health. (EV)

Effective workers need to be multiskilled, which includes cross-skilling (ability to transfer skills across situations), upskilling (knowledge and understanding underlying skills), and higher-order thinking skills. The three dimensions complement each other in integrated instruction. (Contains 26 references.) (SK)

"Resilience" is the capacity for moving ahead under adverse circumstances. School superintendents are advised to stay upbeat and mindful of "both-and" opportunities; stay focused on what they care about; remain flexible and tolerant of ambiguity; be proactive, not reactive; and apply resilience-conserving strategies during…

Learning throughout working life results from everyday thinking and acting, shaped by work practices. The quality of learning depends on the kinds of activities and interdependencies available. Individuals' ability to maintain vocational practice is shaped by their opportunities for engagement and interaction. (Contains 64 references.) (SK)

Explains how diagnostic medical sonographers use special equipment to direct high frequency sound waves into areas of a patient's body. Describes specialties within the occupation, working conditions, employment and outlook, earnings, and necessary training and qualifications. (JOW)

Explains the job of precision instrument and equipment repairers, who work on cameras, medical equipment, musical instruments, watches and clocks, and industrial measuring devices. Discusses duties, working conditions, employment and earnings, job outlook, and skills and training. (JOW)

Employs a contextual effects perspective to identify family, job, and workplace characteristics associated with the use of work-family benefits of 527 employees in 83 businesses. Determined that particular family problems predict female employee use of paid leave and mental health benefits. Summarizes that workplace size, sector, and culture are…

The Chinese version of the Self-Directed Search was completed by 409 Chinese secondary students, revealing strong support for 2 concepts in Holland's theory: congruence and calculus, the relationship among types. Gender differences were consistent with those in studies of Western and non-Western cultures. (SK)

High school students (92 females, 127 males) using Krumboltz Job Experience Kits (occupational simulations) experienced 6 diverse jobs in random order and recorded reactions on the Perceived Congruency Questionnaire. Results supported Holland's hexagonal model, indicating that different personality types react to different jobs in accord with the…

Conducted two studies to develop and provide evidence supporting the construct validity of scores on a scale to measure two aspects of workplace friendship: friendship prevalence and friendship opportunities. Data from samples of 200 graduate students and 116 graduate students and employees support convergent, discriminant, and nomological…

Interviewed 10 (British) secondary headteachers to examine headship approaches among those appointed during the past 3 years. Numerous contextual factors impinge on new principals: current events, devolved management, catchmment area, management courses, staff affect and attitudes, and planned rate and style of managed change. (Contains 25…

Members of a diverse management class discuss how they explored issues of spirituality "in" and "of" work, an inclusive definition of spirituality and work, and opposition to organizational imposition of spiritual values. (SK)