The hypothesized curvilinear relationship between powerlessness and social activism was not supported; however, when social activism is defined as a nonviolent "within-the-system" intervention, there is a direct linear relationship between the variables--with the powerful students exhibiting a tendency to embrace this form of social activism.…

Authoritarian management from above can no longer impose controls on subordinates. Participative management is now essential to improve organizational efficiency, release individual and group initiative, and make a fundamental improvement in the climate of British industrial relations. (MS)

Government legislation influences management styles. When the power is generated from below instead of above, a completely new philosophy is necessitated to cope with the systems of informal and formal power. (MS)

Describes a method for estimating the possible dimensions of youth power in each community to assist in determining administrative responses to an enfranchised, and politically active, student body. (Author)

The concept of an open society, wherein all the social, political and economic arrangements are open to criticism, is explored. The central role of education is considered to be the creation and maintenance of an open society. (Author/KM)

This study examined teachers' sense of powerlessness within two distinctive school organizational structures. Definite patterns of teacher sense of powerlessness were uncovered within Authoritarian and Collegial school structures. In addition, a majority of teachers in Authoritarian schools experienced a greater sense of powerlessness than did…

Examines the dynamics of the power struggle during the 1960's by focusing on the demands of black Americans and the responses of the Federal government. (DM)

Argues that perhaps there is a chance that the drastic conditions existing in the slums (conditions which are spreading to previously stable old neighborhoods) will be the major force which will break the back of factionalism, elitism, and neocolonialism and serve as the lever for authentic democratic community development. (Author/JM)

Recent data from two state universities confirm the basic incompatability of student and outside'' forces for change within the university, and the substantial but probably tenuous legitimacy afforded university administrations. (JMB)

Considers the concept of organizational climate and examines the relationships to be expected between different aspects of climate and various dimensions of organizational structure and context. Examination of the effect of hierarchical level on perceptions of organizational climate showed significant variations by level. (Author)

A comparison between authority structure in two Pueblo communities gives insights into their potential for developing community controlled educational programs. (JB)

The real issue in this serious problem is not whether we should have physically mixed schools, but whether we are committed to creating an open society in which individuals can fully participate without regard to their ethnic, cultural, or social class identity. (Author)

Entrepreneurial bureaucrats act to enhance their chances for career advancement by becoming identified with successful development efforts. Evidence from Zambia illustrates the nature of entrepreneurialism in a public bureaucracy and the utility of the concept in the study of development administration. (Author)

The research reported here explores the development of diffuse support among adolescents for those types of political authorities who have a high degree of public contact. Findings indicate respondents from three social levels have relatively optimistic expectations about treatment and with few exceptions, recall fair treatment. (JB)

The author concludes that the ideological are inherent and desirable in the academic process. Racial problems have been a social reality in the American society and will therefore continue on the campuses which are in fact microcosms of society. (Author)