This article traces the development of Swettenham's thought and action in the sphere of formal education in the Federated Maylay States. This reappraisal of Swettenham's career is designed to cast light upon the early years of British Malaya, and upon the strengths and failings of its educational system. (Author/SJL)

This paper traces West German educational policies for children of foreign workers, noting how policy phases have coincided with changing perceptions of foreign workers in German society. Stressed is the conflict between assimilating these children and treating them as temporary foreign visitors. Model policies for equal educational opportunity…

Reports on the results of a research project that sought to determine the effect of various bilingual education models on general academic achievement and language learning in the primary grades. (AM)

Focuses on the conflicts among written languages in the countries of West Africa, especially in the areas of education, mass communication, and creative writing. Points out that writing is done mostly in the language of the former colonizing country, which makes literature accessible only to the elite. Advocates translation and native languages…

In light of U.S. District Court Judge Charles W. Joiner's recent order regarding the treatment of Black English in the Ann Arbor, Michigan schools, the author reviews the development of Black English as a dialect, some of its features, and the debate over its treatment in the classroom. (SJL)

The Primary Education Improvement Project was launched in Nigeria in 1971. It seeks to upgrade educational standards through the provision of new instructional materials and mobile teacher trainers. This report describes project background, strategies, problems, outcomes, and future prospects. (SJL)

Debate over use of Ebonics (Black English dialect) as a language of instruction in public elementary/secondary schools is outlined, with attention given to the controversial decision of the Oakland (California) school district to adopt Ebonics to help improve student learning. The evolution and political history of Ebonics are chronicled, and…

Reviews the findings of L. Koch and A. Gross (1997) and suggests that the positive perceptions of black children toward Black English reflect the dominant linguistic standard within their peer groups. Retention of the Black English vernacular is advocated because it is an expressively rich form of communication. (SLD)

Describes the outcomes of a pilot project which was designed to predate an expanded Concentrated Language Encounter (CLE) literacy development program in the Western Cape region of South Africa. Discusses lessons learned from this pilot program. Highlights the value of pilot programs in general. (PM)

Discusses and dispels four myths about second-language education. Shows that ample evidence favors bilingualism, bilingual education, and literacy in children's native languages as the means to help children grow academically. Offers "best practices" recommendations regarding program, methods, materials, and parental involvement. (SR)

Reports on aspects of an ethnographic study carried out in six newly integrated schools in post-aparthied South Africa. Presents evidence that these schools are sites of struggle between competing discourses that construct, maintain, and change social identities in these communities and the wider society. (Author/VWL)

Determined language proficiency among multilingual Indo-Fijian primary school children who have the languages, Fiji-Hindi, Standard Hindi, Urdu, English, Fijian, and Fijian English in their speech repertoire. Identifies the variables that affect multilingual proficiency in this group and determines whether classroom practice reflects educational…

A teacher of deaf children responds to a treatise recommending expanded use of American Sign Language (ASL) in deaf education by addressing the immediate problems that parents, teachers, school authorities, and linguists will need to carefully consider in implementing an ASL-based bilingual approach to educating young children. (CB)

Describes a study in which second language students of French and students of English as a Second Language enrolled in a special introductory psychology course in their second language in a special, sheltered class. Students successfully mastered the subject matter and measurably improved their second language proficiency. (Author/CB)

Traces the parallel histories of cultural and language preservation in the minority regions of Catalonia (Spain) and Ukraine (former Soviet Union) during the twentieth century. Discusses large societal changes, national government policies about language of instruction, bilingual education, the comparative status of Catalan and Ukrainian, and…