This critical assessment examines the tension that has recently evolved between translanguaging advocates and advocates of two-way immersion programs. Translanguaging advocates have called for a reframing of language allocation practices and the incorporation of translanguaging pedagogy into these programs. At issue is that two-way immersion…

Using the tenets of translanguaging and with a focus on Arabic as a diglossic language, we examine the fluid and dynamic practices that transcend the boundaries between/among Standard Arabic, Arabic dialects, and English in content-based instruction in an advanced Arabic literature course. Using conversation analysis, we show how translingual…

Code-switching is a natural phenomenon that allows educators and learners alike to communicate in a classroom setting, which is multilingual in nature with diverse linguistic backgrounds. Hence, this study has aimed to explore whether higher education academics in English language teaching classrooms incorporate code-switching or not and what are…

For decades, many countries have kept refugees in settlements separated from local populations, making 'integration' a chimera. More recently, however, governments and international organizations have advocated for greater refugee integration and framed education as key to this process. For adult refugees, education in the place of asylum often…

This paper uncovers L1 Chinese speakers' online intercultural communication where they deploy English as a lingua franca and other spatial repertoires to co-construct translanguaging practices with their interlocutors and present three-fold identities--translingual, L1 Chinese, and legitimate users of English, leading to the argument that…

Implementing translanguaging in language education requires a rich understanding of learners' complex meaning-making practices. Enactments of translanguaging simply as an acknowledgement of learners' home languages and translation practices reflects a confusion between the concept of translanguaging and translation and a lack of understanding of…

Background: Language discussions have historically focused on the power dynamics between dominant and indigenous languages. This has generated discontent and contention on which language should rule the educational sector. The national language policy of South Africa mandates the use of all languages in the educational system. Even though there…

This qualitative action research case study is focused on better understanding the complex and intricate nature of code-switching among Black students. In today's educational climate, many Black students find themselves speaking one way with their closest friends and family members in front of the swing set and television and another way with…

Few studies have investigated current English-medium Instruction (EMI) programmes for international students studying in universities in China's mainland. The present study applies Spolsky's language policy framework to analyze Chinese EMI programmes in terms of language ideology, language management, and language practices on the national level,…

In this article, we explore how people in conflict-affected societies use language to navigate the affective constraints that political conflicts impose. Specifically, we consider the role of multilingualism in enabling sexual and romantic intimacy between Jewish and Palestinian Israelis in Israel/Palestine. Our data are drawn from a close…

Assessing cognitive demand is crucial for research on self-regulated learning; however, discrepancies in translating essential concepts across languages can hinder the comparison of research findings. Different languages often emphasize various components and interpret certain constructs differently. This paper aims to develop a translingual set…

This literature review synthesizes scholarship on standard language ideologies in college writing programs and the theories and pedagogies being proposed to disrupt such ideologies. Findings include a tension between belief and action, or that professors' awareness of language diversity does not translate into changes in pedagogy. This is due to…

In a series of articles critical of aspects of the idea of translanguaging, MacSwan (e.g. 2022) has suggested that "deconstructivism" has derailed the translingual project. This paper draws attention to a number of weaknesses in this argument that are important for taking critical questions about language seriously. The term…

This case study applies a raciomultilingual perspective to pre-adolescent language socialization in a majority-African American social and educational context. I examine naturalistic recordings of elementary-school Latinx children during a formative period of migration to Washington, DC, comparing these to contemporary Latinx linguistic…

Laura Hamman-Ortiz, a language and literacy researcher, discusses Translanguaging, an emerging instructional theory that challenges traditional understandings of bilingualism view the different languages used by a student as distinct skill sets. By contrast, translanguaging reframes bilingualism as a flexible linguistic activity that is intimately…