The present investigation aimed to assess the use of scaffolding strategies by young English as a second language learners who carried out communicative tasks in the context of high-immersive virtual reality (HVR) (Kaplan-Rakowski & Gruber, 2019). More specifically, 24 students enrolled in an intensive program in the province of Quebec,…

This study investigates the validity and reliability of generative large language models (LLMs), specifically ChatGPT and Google's Bard, in grading student essays in higher education based on an analytical grading rubric. A total of 15 experienced English as a foreign language (EFL) instructors and two LLMs were asked to evaluate three student…

Learners' achievements, motivation, and emotional states are closely linked to the roles and effectiveness of their teachers, while several challenges in foreign language classrooms hinder teacher efficacy. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to offer substantial solutions by addressing individual student needs, expectations, and…

The conventional perspective of learner autonomy aims to cultivate second and foreign language (L2) learners with self-regulated learning strategies they can use to achieve native-like communicative competence. While the perspective can equip L2 learners with certain linguistic coding and decoding skills to take charge of their own learning, it…

This study examined whether students' perceived social interactions within different learning activities predicted their willingness to communicate (WTC) in second language (L2) classrooms. The sample was 932 undergraduate students from 8 universities learning English as a foreign language. Data of student-perceived social interactions in…

This study investigates the effects of multilingualism and the degree of proficiency in different languages on vocabulary knowledge among Spanish language learners. Participants completed a 160-word meaning recall test designed to measure their knowledge of the 8,000 most frequent Spanish words and a self-assessment questionnaire on their…

Language choice and code-switching are commonplaces for peer interaction among bilingual children from various language backgrounds in Hong Kong. However, few studies concern these linguistic practices of immigrant children proficient in Mandarin and English. This study adopted a qualitative research approach to investigate three Mandarin-English…

Decolonial theorists continue to argue for a de-linking from the uncontested onto-epistemic constructs of intercultural education pedagogy (IEP) in TESOL. In the Global South, intercultural education may remain largely amenable to Euro-Western culturalist/differentialist frameworks that often breed essentialism and ethnocentrism. This paper…

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) has gained increasing popularity among EFL learners as a CALL tool to improve vocabulary, and many learners have reported its helpfulness for vocabulary learning. However, while there has been some evidence suggesting NMT's facilitative role in improving learners' writing on the lexical level, no study has examined…

Task design features have different effects on second language (L2) production and can be adopted for different pedagogical purposes. However, the synergistic effects of task features were left unexplored in the extant task-based literature. The present study investigated the synergistic effects of two task design features, namely, prior knowledge…

Comparative Judgement (CJ) is an evaluation method, typically conducted online, whereby a rank order is constructed, and scores calculated, from judges' pairwise comparisons of performances. CJ has been researched in various educational contexts, though only rarely in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) writing settings, and is generally agreed to…

Becoming a teacher involves more than the acquisition of a new set of skills and knowledge. It involves a change in one's identity, and this change is often precipitated by tensions experienced during a teaching practicum (Mezirow, 2000). This multiple case study explores the points of tension experienced by 18 student teachers during practicum in…

Being described as two sides of one coin, language and culture are increasingly recommended to be inseparably addressed. Thanks to technological advances, this is now more feasible than before. In response, this study examined the comparative effects of synchronous and asynchronous telecollaborative digital media projects (DMPs) on learners'…

Challenges to German Studies in the United States have been well documented and include questions of disciplinary mission and program viability. Existential threats stem from declining enrollments and increasing demands on faculty to sustain programs that require expanded expertise, opportunities, and networks. Calls for disciplinary…

This study focuses on the importance of providing health education materials that are understandable, actionable, and linguistically and culturally sustaining, and therefore transformational for refugees and immigrants. We explored refugee and immigrant patient experiences with language specific diabetes education videos by conducting four…