This article clarifies the concept of the nature of play for professional purposes. Evolutionary and biosocial analysis of play behavior is advanced and associated with current cultural views of play. Suggestions on how a culture can positively satisfy human play needs are offered. (Author/DF)

This study examined the ways in which exposure to moral reasoning statements affected the subsequent behavioral choices of 144 seventh-, eighth- and ninth-grade boys at different stages of moral judgement. The presentation of reasoning had different effects on the behavioral choices of subjects at two different stages. (Author/SB)

The concept of classrooms as self-determining communities may be a hindrance to democratic education, since, typically, the main impediment to freedom for the young comes not from external interference but rather from the child's own limitations as to skill and knowledge. (MB)

Presents pro and con comments with regards to 1975 APA presidential address under the heading of genetic basis of behavior--especially of altruism. Other comments are subsumed under the heading of biological versus social evolution, and the value of tradition. (Author/AM)

Questions whther writing skills develop naturally in children or require a systematic instructional approach based on analysis and practice. (RL)

Four socialization environments, all of which included some modeling of altruism by an adult, were differentially effective in altering children's responsiveness to others in circumstances of distress. (Authors)

Character Research Project techniques are applied to religious classes at Union College in Schenectady, New York. (DS)

Studies the effects of mothers' presence and absence on two infants from birth to two years. (AJ)

The present study extended the analysis of the role of cultural determinants" of the assignment of sanctions as a function of levels of causality, outcome quality and intensity, and cultural background in several age groups. (DB)

Research relevant to the development of internal control of altruism is reviewed, and the need for integrating the various approaches to the study of altruism into one model is noted. (MP)

Referring to cognitive competence as a collective term of cognitive behavior as considered by Piaget and Hunt, a theoretical frame of reference based on Brunswik's unit and Wohlwill's conceptions of the environment as a source of stimulation versus the environment as a context for behavior is discussed. (Author)

Neonates born without complications to healthy mothers at 14,000 feet or at 490 feet above sea level were evaluated at 24-36- and 48-60-hours-of-life. In comparison with low-altitude infants, high-altitude infants were significantly lighter, shorter, had a smaller arm circumference, and presented more signs of behavioral immaturity in interactive…