This study describes differences in the quantity and style of female preschool teachers' dyadic verbal interaction with the girls and boys in their classes. Sixteen hours of the spontaneous speech of 4 female teachers and 38 girls and boys were tape recorded in two classroom situations, then transcribed and analyzed. (Author/CS)

An observational method was used to investigate the effects of race, socioeconomic status, and the child's sex on maternal interactive behavior. Both free-play and command periods were used. Of the three independent variables, socioeconomic status proved to be the most significant in determining the nature of maternal behavior. (Author/CS)

To determine the effect of subject characteristics and subject control on counseling, a laboratory analogue study was designed. Subjects were given varying degrees of control over the programming of their exploration by assigning them to groups in which high, low, and intermediate levels of external control were manipulated. (Author)

Fifty-four college females were interviewed individually. Interviewer disclosed experiences, attitudes, and beliefs similar and dissimilar to those revealed by the student during the interview. Results suggest that an intermediate level of interviewer self-disclosure may best initiate reciprocity of disclosure, which can lead to more positive…

Describes a positive method of studying children which gives insight into the differences between "privileged" and "underprivileged", and makes possible analysis of the development of a logical concept (number). Preschool children were observed as they interacted in a controlled group situation. (ED)

The purpose of this paper is to identify and explore the psychodynamics at work in the Marriage Encounter experience. The conclusions of the author are that there are powerful dynamics operating in the Marriage Encounter, and that they can cause definite movement and change in individuals and their marital relationships. (Author)

A series of 10 vignettes which illustrate ways teachers can improve their ability to listen and respond to children in a classroom situation. (CS)

Review of the literature, largely supported by the USPHS.

The facilitator's guide is for an inservice training module (5 or 6 hours) on strategies for interaction with severely handicapped students for regular and special education teachers. Suggested activities include a discussion on professional resources, brainstorming on types of interactions possible with the severely handicapped, identification of…

A study analyzed the decision making process of a dual-career married couple debating whether they should relocate for his or her career. Their interaction was examined and interpreted through multiple components of conversational context, such as institutional constraints influencing the couple, their shared knowledge and perceptions, the…

The effects of an instigator's and a respondent's disclosure on impressions of the revealing respondent were examined in a pair of experiments. The first experiment assessed the effects of both own and other's disclosure on a participant perceiver. After meeting a confederate partner, female undergraduate subjects (N=83) were induced to make an…

Subjects read discussion group transcripts and evaluated the performance of group members, the group leader, and the group as a whole. Discussants' names were varied to represent male or female leadership and all-male, all-female or half-and-half group membership. The data supported two of the three coping strategies postulated as alternatives to…

Three studies were conducted to ascertain the relationship between predisposition for group work climate and the types of procedural messages that group members employ. In the studies, expectations about group work procedures fell into two categories: high procedural order (HPO) and low procedural order (LPO). Each category consisted of four…

Evaluation in educational research and development programs tends to focus on the object of the innovation. Transactional evaluation focuses upon an area which is missing from these evaluative approaches--the interpersonal effects of the perceptions of project team members and the people in the environment surrounding the implementation or…