In an experiment using single-word items, subjects are run under three different speed-accuracy trade-off conditions. A competition model would predict that when subjects are forced to respond quickly, there will be an increase in errors, and these will be from recent past items. The prediction was confirmed. (CHK)

Effects of acute alcohol intoxication on the storage phase of memory were evaluated with two tasks that minimized response retrieval: unpaced paired-associate learning with highly available responses and forced-choice picture recognition. It was concluded that storage processes are sensitive to disruption by alcohol. (CHK)

The Peterson and Peterson short-term memory paradigm (1959) involves an interpolated task with several potential dimensions from which interference may originate: similarity of items and vocalization. This research assesses the relative interference potency of each on material presented either aurally or visually. (Editor/RK)

A dual-task paradigm was used to assess attentional processing demands during visual word recognition. By manipulating the difficulty of each task, it is argued that the procedure estimates the attention demands of the memory-access component of word recognition. (Editor)

This research sought to distinguish among three concepts of visual persistence by substituting the physical presence of the target stimulus while simultaneously inhibiting the formation of a persisting representation. Reportability of information about the stimuli was compared to a condition in which visual persistence was allowed to fully develop…

Subjects examined crowded semirealistic layouts of toy objects, or photographs of these layouts, and then tried to identify added, moved or deleted items. The main study involved 96 subjects, 24 at each of four age levels (first, third, sixth grade, and adult). (MS)

This study indicated that a reader should be allowed to reread or reinspect the passage before answering comprehension questions, suggesting that testing children with informal reading inventories seems to be more a test of memory than of reading comprehension. (HOD)

The mediational abilities of 40 preschool, 40 first grade, and 40 elderly subjects were assessed using the Kindler's three stage transfer paradigm, with both familiar and novel stimuli serving as potential mediators. (MS)

Investigated older (N=98) and younger (N=116) persons' responsibility attributions for the cause and solution to a memory problem. Results indicate that both the age of the help-seeker and the problem type affected attributions. An older adult was perceived as less responsible than a younger adult for a memory problem. (RJM)

Tested hypothesis from Bahrick and Pickens' infant attention model that retrieval cues increase memory accessibility and shift visual preferences toward greater novelty to resemble recent memories. Found that after retention intervals associated with remote or intermediate memory, previous familiarity preferences shifted to null or novelty…

Asserts that this book, drawn from a 1993 conference on memory development, accurately reflects the contemporary status of the field in two ways: (1) its research is matured and specialized; and (2) there are no major theoretical disputes, nor a widely shared new approach, although using microgenetic designs to study cognitive strategy choice…

Investigated whether limitations in the enhancement of learning-disabled readers' working memory (WM) performance are attributable to process or storage functions. Found that: intercorrelations among diverse WP measures increased on demanding conditions; and verbal WM was not directly related to reading skill, supporting the notion that poor…

Examined how infants' memories of the context in which an event occurred are distorted through exposure to the event in a different context after one or six days. Found that when event components are encountered later in new context, the new context may be remembered as being where the event had occurred, and the original context forgotten. (KDFB)

Evidence is offered that children with specific language impairment often have serial memory difficulties. Research on the difficulties such children have in rote counting and in learning nursery rhymes is reviewed. Implications of current research for assessment and intervention in mathematics and rhymes are discussed. (DB)

Examines the key role that memory plays in the meaning-making process that children enact as they read and view images in a classroom that respects and encourages their own views and reflections. Discusses the six major categories of children's visual responses, and presents representative examples of children's illustrations. (TB)