The use of operant techniques in the classroom, especially with slow learners, was investigated, and several types of reinforcement were compared. Subjects were 129 fourth graders enrolled in a middle school in a disadvantaged rural Florida community. The subjects were stratified by race, sex, and homeroom and were randomly assigned to one of five…

Theory and laboratory research in operant behavior are applied to clinical practice in speech pathology. Introductory material summarizes the principles of operant conditioning as related to speech therapy. Clinical application is presented in the following areas: reinforcing properties of a television presented listener; reduction of reading and…

Formal, contextual, and technical aspects of language teaching methodology design are discussed in this article. The author develops a basis for tentative classification of language drills and exercises in terms of linguistic behavior in the light of these aspects. Basic language skills are classified according to three types of stimulus-response…

The proceedings of the annual convention (1973) of Vermont behavioral educators contain 27 case studies of educational programs applying behavior theory to create an individualized, data-based, and accountable school system in which handicapped and normal students are integrated. The case studies, which are grouped according to school districts,…

Described in the directory are approximately 125 audiovisual aids that pertain to the area of behavior modification with handicapped children. It is explained that the audiovisuals were selected for their relevance to behavior modification steps such as keeping appropriate records and scheduling reinforcements. Entries are alphabetical within the…

Three nonprofessionals, including those with limited education and advanced age, received training to become effective behavior modification agents (therapists). Each was then individually observed and videotaped in his work with a retarded child. Therapists' performances were not adequate for effecting the desired changes in the childrens'…

Presented are 12 programed instruction exercises in writing letters of the alphabet, spelling words, addition, numeral-number association, subtraction, color words chart, answering basic questions about stories, sentences, paragraphs, and paragraph titles for elementary school children who demonstrate a learning disability and/or behavior problem.…

Modern behavioral scientists have emphasized the importance of environmental influences in human behavior. If the basis for behavior development and change rests within the environment, an understanding and use of the methods of control by change agents, especially teachers, can result in more prosocial behavior. Planned reinforcement could…

The annotated bibliography on Severely and Multiply Handicapped--Program Descriptions/Operant Conditioning contains approximately 140 abstracts and associated indexing information for documents or journal articles published from 1967 to 1975 and selected from the computer files of the Council for Exceptional Children's Information Services and the…

The effects of withdrawal of food, withdrawal of attention, and the simultaneous withdrawal of food and attention on the rate of self-injurious behavior of three profoundly retarded girls (10-18 years old) during mealtime were investigated. (Author)

Research on overcorrection (for use with the mentally handicapped, schizophrenic, and autistic) is reviewed, and two types of overcorrection, restitutional and positive-practice, are described. (BD)

Examined are the implications of independent ambulation for severely retarded children and reviewed is the literature describing behavioral interventions which facilitate walking. (Author)

The study investigated the relationship between topographically different child behaviors (compliance and inappropriate activities) in four mentally retarded subjects (aged 3-5) by using a methodology that tests for response covariation. Regardless of the intervention used, the behavior targeted, or the direction manipulated, the nontargeted…

The study assessed the efficacy of time delay and peer modeling procedures in increasing spontaneous verbalizations of affection in four autistic children (ages 6-8). Results indicated that the time delay was a quick and effective procedure for all subjects. Peer modeling was unsuccessful in teaching the target behavior. (Author)

Modification by students of the regular classroom teacher's discriminatory behavior was tested with 24 emotionally disturbed children, 11-16-years-old, who were recently transferred from special education classes. (IM)