This paper: (1) briefly reviews the existing literature which supports that female adolescents possess significantly more negative attitudes toward middle school science than do males; (2) examines the process of gender socialization in the United States to establish the socio-cultural and social psychological framework within which an attitudinal…

To preserve and protect the civic values and principles of the Constitution, educators must develop in students a deeper understanding of and a commitment to these values. To do this, educators should confront students with cases in history and current events involving fundamental paradoxes of U.S. constitutional government. Students should be…

This study describes and contrasts the activities and attitudes of 33 prospective secondary teachers in a graduate level, master's degree initial teacher certification program incorporating a year-long, three-phased internship in the public schools. The three phases of the internship were: teacher assistant, teacher associate, and…

The experiences of baccalaureate student nurses, from layperson to novice nurse, was studied. Paradigm cases of five senior and five sophomore baccalaureate students were transcribed and analyzed for common meanings and themes. The paradigms concern touching patients, giving shots/creating pain, caring for and being intimate with young patients,…

Many attempts have been made to explain how modern Japan has, with speed and minimal stress, become competitive with Western nations in terms of military strength and industrial productivity. One factor commonly mentioned is the "groupishness," the collective orientation,that is basic to Japanese society. Some research has suggested that…

Substantial evidence is accumulating which emphasizes the significant role of the family for drug abusing adolescents. To investigate the influence of the family on adolescents (N=17) involved in heavy marihuana use, interviews with family members, case studies of each adolescent, and psychological evaluations were conducted to determine the…

An overview of preschool education in Lagos State, Nigeria, is particularized with findings from a survey of 156 teachers in 25 Nigerian nursery schools. In Nigeria, urbanization has been accompanied by rapid growth in the number of pre-primary institutions. The educational aims of such institutions include both cognitive and social-emotional…

Because schools serve society by reproducing the dominant social, economic, and political values reflected by the prevailing institutions and ideologies, educational reform is only possible when it does not conflict with the structure of society. Thus when adult work roles are transformed, the socialization of youth will follow closely. A review…

Documented sex differences in speech and their significance are considered. The research literature on sex-differentiated speech reveals the influence of sex-role stereotypes and assumptions about the relation of speech to sex-differentiated socialization. The more substantiated differences form three clusters: (1) the production of esteemed…

The concept of place identity is a theoretical necessity for understanding the impact of the urban environment on the individual. Place identity refers to clusters of perceptions in the form of images, memories, facts, ideas, beliefs, values, and behavior tendencies relevant to the individual's existence in the physical world. These clusters are…

Trust is an important construct in understanding the social dynamics in interpersonal and race relations. Several studies have concluded that blacks tend to mistrust both whites and the predominantly white government. The consensus among theorists and researchers supports the social learning view that accumulated life experiences critically…

A study was conducted to examine continuities and discontinuities in the socialization experiences of toddler-age children attending day care. Interaction between adults and children during socialization episodes was observed in home and day care settings. Parents rated their extent of agreement with the teacher regarding discipline and the extent…

A project was conducted to develop and implement a curriculum for a series of group sessions designed to assist students in associate degree nursing programs in the socialization process of becoming a nurse. During the curriculum development phase of the project, specific plans and procedures were formulated for 10 monthly sessions that were…

Since traditionally-raised boys and girls have different pre-school experience, they arrive at school differentially prepared for the educational process. As a group, boys have one set of attitudes, skills, and knowledge; girls another. To empower all children, schools must address the needs of both groups. Typically, schools have attempted to…

This article discusses ways in which secondary and college teachers can use the Vanderbilt Television News Archive. The archive contains videotapes of the ABC, CBS, and NBC evening network news since 1968, Presidential addresses and network commentary since 1970, and other news events. Research projects using closed-circuit television are…