Social control of women through the normative constructs has the virtue of subtlety. It gives the appearance of nonrestriction and noncontrol, thus reducing the potential for resistance. The "nice girl" construct keeps women out of men's way, while ostensibly keeping them out of harm's way. (Author/GC)

Literature suggests that females have lower initial expectancies for success than males. The antecedents of this difference are considered: (a) by examining when expectancy differences develop, and, (b) by examining cognitive factors which may underlie these differential expectancies. (Author/AM)

Suggests that the centrality of motherhood to the definition of the adult female is characterized in the form of a mandate which requires having at least two children and raising them well. The processes mandating motherhood are discussed. (Author/AM)

Discusses the need for more political coverage by high school newspapers and gives a few solutions or alternatives to get students motivated. (MB)

Reviews aspects of child development from various theoretical perspectives. Discusses developmental trends in pre-school years, early elementary years, and upper elementary years. (AV)

Conceptual system as a cognitive-developmental variable in personality has been assumed to relate to different cognitions of self and others and of interpersonal relations at each developmental stage. The assumed relationship between conceptual system and some personality variables was studied in a group of students. (Editor)

Shows that Saturday morning television programs covertly teach children that boys are more significant persons than girls. (RL)

The extended resident outdoor education experience is one of the most successful ways for an individual to have consistent positive experiences in terms of learning, socialization, and growth of self-concept. (Author/JC)

Socialization research over the past 25 years has been affected by changes in social practices and in scientists' conceptualizations of the nature of children. Socialization is presently viewed as a function of the family and of social institutions and public policies. It also considers the importance of biological functions in development and the…

Examines the interdependence of the community and the educational process in the United States and West Germany. Recommends development of educational models which will politicize learning in schools and help children become more effective citizens. For journal availability, see SO 505 820. (Author/DB)

Schooling in America was originally geared to training children to conform to the existing social order and to remain content with their position in the social hierarchy; while this conservative educational philosophy has gradually changed, some traces of it remain today. (JD)

Discusses the institutional effects of education as a system of social legitimation which confers success on some and failure on others. Comparative and experimental studies are suggested. (Author/DB)

Theoretical and research literature on the role of fathers in childhood development is reviewed. It is suggested that fathers may play an important but qualitatively different role in socialization than mothers and various research designs are suggested to test this hypothesis. (GO)

Three hypotheses are tested in order to reveal racial differences in the reaction to Watergate in a sample of 944 high school seniors in Atlanta; the partisanship, social deprivation, and political reality hypotheses. (Author/AM)