The study was conducted to determine which variables present among nursery school children influence a child's perception of his teacher's role as a problem solver. The variables tested for included: (1) the race of the teacher; (2) the nature of the problem--one involving personal needs (affective) or one involving classroom achievement…

This document contains several papers that were prepared for the 65th annual meeting of the Carnegie Foundation in November 1970. The first paper, "European Universities as Partisans" by Fritz Machlup, traces the slow development of the principle of the nonpartisan and doctrinally uncommitted university as a proper shield of individual academic…

This paper examines the impact of the level of activity of an individual as a child on the activity level of that individual as an adult. The study is based on a stratified random sample of adult residents in 6 rural Iowa counties regarding 35 outdoor recreation activities. Five hypotheses were tested. The results indicate a direct effect of the…

Approximately three-hundred and fifty periodical and book citations of works dating from 1930 to 1972 (the majority of which are recent) on international education are included in this select bibliography. The scope, involving many aspects of internationalism, is reflected by the topic headings: Universal Man; World Community; Implicit Culture;…

Any attempt to gain insight into the effects of television on the viewing public must also include an assessment of the amount and patterns of viewing by the various segments of the general population. This fourth volume of technical reports to the Scientific Advisory Committee on Television and Social Behavior attempts to provide a new picture of…

This report presents the problem of school practice and moral socialization in an attempt to transform the issues into a problem for research. Three divisions of study are presented: 1) a rationale for the examination of schooling and moral development, 2) the development of procedures for analyzing the use of explanations, and 3) speculation on…

A 1955 survey of the effects of television on 10 to 14 year-old children in Great Britain is reported. A discussion of the problem investigated is presented first--the impact of television on children. Next a summary of the main findings is offered detailing the amount children view and the way in which different children react to television. A…

This study compared children's dependence on situational cues by a model to their reliance on the general affective valence of the model, in order to assess the role of each in determining vicarious changes in preference. Subjects were forty 4-year-olds attending a day care center. Among five toys used in pilot testing, a box of clothespins was…

Functionality is a relationship between an independent and a dependent variable. In the article's four-part presentation, literacy is the independent variable; its relationship to the dependent variables of work, sex and age groups, justice, and individual and social values in Third World countries forms the focus of the discussion. (AG)

Evidence is presented that argues for distinguishable, sequential stages in the structuring of political attitudes among students and that partially supports a developmental interpretation of political learning. (Author/AM)

This article discusses the training of college sociology teachers. Included are a literature review on the teaching of sociology, results of a survey on college inservice teacher education in sociology, and reviews of research on college teaching. How the theory and substantive work of sociology contributes to learning to teach sociology is…

The data supports the hypothesis that the development of political orientation varies with sex, age, and socioeconomic background. (Author/DE)

This paper suggests that subordinate group parents teach their children to acquire skills different from those emphasized by the white middle-class; these skills are necessary for their future subordinate adult roles. (Author/EB)

Objectives of Italian school reform include standardization of the upper levels of secondary school, reform of vocational training, reform of the examination system, and decentralization of educational policy making into local and regional initiatives. (DB)

Suggests that violent activities occur not because of reduced self-control, but because cognitive skills and self-control are used through moral justifications and self-exonerative devices in the service of destructive causes. Threats to human welfare are generally brought about by deliberate acts of principle rather than by unrestrained acts of…