Mediational Deficiency is used here as a generic term to apply to a failure to mediate due to either a production deficiency (external event) or a control deficiency (potential mediator). (MB)

A method is presented for analyzing data collected in a multiple group time-series design. This consists of testing linear hypotheses about the experimental and control group-means. Both a multivariate and a univariate procedure are described. (Author/GK)

Meta analysis refers to the synthesis of research findings in which results of multiple studies are compared, contrasted, and reanalyzed. Benefits of meta analysis to the field of health research include: (1) the transformation of diverse findings into a common metric; and (2) improvement of research techniques and reports. (JN)

Employed a developmental context to discuss the problem of assessing both quantitative and qualitative deficits in the behavioral profiles of various diagnostic subcategories of developmentally disabled children. Methods of appropriate matching of control groups are suggested to help delineate specific and general deficits in subgroups of…

Criteria for suitable research designs for use with large databases are suggested and analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages of several types of quasi-experimental designs are compared. Examples are taken from the authors' research with data from the Manitoba Health Services Commission. (Author/AL)

Evaluated the effectiveness of spouse training for long-term weight loss. Overweight women (N=68) were assigned to one of five groups. The cooperative spouse group lost significantly more weight. That group and the nonparticipating spouse conditions maintained their weight losses at the final follow-up. The wives-alone group regained some weight.…

Analysis of results of an experimental program in which ninth grade students participated in systematic human relations training according to the Gazda model revealed significant training outcomes and significant sex effects in favor of girls. The training helped students learn to perceive and respond with empathy, respect, and warmth. (Author)

A review and meta-analysis were made of placebo control groups in educational experiments. In all, 125 studies were clustered into procedures that included (1) explicit manipulation of attentional elements; (2) explicit description of the placebo activity plus implied reference to attention; and (3) exclusive reference to the activity. (SLD)

Presented a categorization of types of science education research, their possible contributions to cognitive science, and the potential of results from cognitive science for enriching the science education research accounts. Explored the relationship of an example of cognitive work to cognitive science. (15 references) (Author/JRH)

New methods for comparing the medians corresponding to independent treatment groups are suggested. Procedures are based on the estimator of F. Harrell and C. Davis in conjunction with a modification and extension of the bootstrap calibration technique suggested by W. Loh. Data from two groups provide an illustration. (SLD)

Issues are raised about the Council for Learning Disabilities Research Committee's standards for describing research subjects, including justification for the recommended standards, relationship between description of subjects and probability of replication, and impact of the type of research on subject description standards. Recommendations are…

This article contends that educational researchers need to realize that the research process itself is an unregarded intervention beyond any intentional treatment effects or secondary effects on the research participants or other stakeholders. Implications are discussed for conducting and reporting experimental and qualitative research to increase…

Purpose: We investigated the feasibility of using a "wash-and-dry" toilet in the nursing home. Design and Methods: We used a controlled comparison baseline-versus-treatment design with 22 female nursing home residents aged 75 and older living in a 562-bed, not-for-profit nursing home facility in Maryland. The Luscence Luxury Lavage…