To investigate the relationship of children's beliefs about sex differences to their own age and gender, 427 children (seven, 10, and 15 year olds) were asked to explain their beliefs. Younger children's responses displayed a biological orientation, and older children's a societal orientation, but no evidence supported a hypothesized third stage…

Explores links between aggression in elementary school children and their perceptions of self-efficacy as well as their response-outcome expectancies. (HOD)

Presents results of survey of high school seniors taken in 1968 (N=825), 1972 (N=119), and 1984 (N=200). The survey consisted of 13 widely accepted attitudinal items and 16 demographic variables designed to measure degree of political cynicism and attitudes toward democracy. Concludes that 1984 results show a loss of innocence, increasing…

Presents findings of a study which compared the gender stereotypes of 759 United States and 452 South African white, urban middle class children. Focuses on the impact of age, sex, socioreligious background, and mother's employment status. Both groups made similar sex role assignments but cultural differences in gender stereotyping were observed.…

As a result of the "Great Migration" to Buffalo, the black population tripled from 1900 to 1930. Schooling became a sophisticated system of social controls to channel the attitudes and actions of the underclass of black youth. The system is described and its fundamental flaws examined. (MT)

The leisure service delivery professional must be aware of problems people have with participating in leisure activities and making choices about what to do with their free time. Problem areas include lack of awareness of leisure, low self-esteem, inertia, and boredom. (DF)

The United States has inherited an ideology concerning politics, culture, and the state that values the democratic distribution by the schools of rationality and of social motivation. Unfortunately, the bureaucratic organization of schools discourages this distribution, and the incentives for changing either the organization or the distribution…

Moral instruction was an accepted part of the educational system until the 1930's. More recent approaches to moral instruction are discussed and criticized. The author states that it is specious to talk about student choices, that school is inherently doctrinal, and that the question to ask is, What will be indoctrinated? (MD)

Many say that the functions of education are skill development, socialization, and sorting. These objectives are contrasted with the four objectives for higher education that Lord Robbins included in his 1963 report: instruction in skills, promotion of general powers of the mind, advancement of learning, and transmission of common standards of…

Sees the 1984 presidential election as an opportunity for teachers to help students explore the responsibilities and possibilities of democratic participation. Helps to develop the personal political vision that is basic to political involvement and maturity through an examination of multiple social and political issues and each candidate's…

Women who viewed four current, sex-stereotyped commercials emphasized homemaking over other achievement concerns in imagining their lives 10 years hence. Women who saw same commercials with sex roles reversed put significantly greater emphasis on their own achievement aspirations. Their more equal weighting of home and career matched men's. (CMG)

(Title Enough)(BJD)

Examines how television violence (1) serves as a socializing agent which presents to the mass viewing audience the conservative concept of legitimate violence, and (2) attempts to control the potential militancy of Blacks by projecting the violent Black police officer as a role model for Black youth. (CMG)

Scapegoating in the classroom is a destructive problem that disrupts the social life of the class. Suggestions are offered in the form of a fable to help both the outcast and those who victimize. (DF)

The human dimension of professional socialization in law school is discussed. Law school is seen as an initiation experience or rite of passage. The professional qualities that students acquire as a result of legal education are juxtaposed against qualities associated with being a person. (MLW)