Subjects were trained in three targeted skills. Game training produced large and consistent gains in all target responses however, no generalization was recorded in covert assessments. Subsequently, an in-situ training procedure consisting of intermittent verbal prompts and reinforcement was used, which significantly increased use of skills in all…

A study of 291 students at varying stages of training for law (45%), accounting (40%), or human resource management (15%) found that those in traditional professions had greater exposure to employers, more engagement in recruiting, and more experience of selection processes. This greater activity was associated with career expectations and…

Addresses the dilemma faced by religious and theological educators committed to a feminist, liberative pedagogy when teaching learners in the church whose Confucian upbringing has socialized them into different means of instruction. Explores the practices of Confucius/Kongzi and traces the historical development of Confucianism. (CMK)

Maintains that the social learning theory of career development and counseling has not been applied to diverse populations. Qualitative analysis of interviews with middle school students revealed four themes, reflecting the influence of discrimination on participants' career learning: contextual barriers and resources for learning, and…

Political education prepares citizens for political, social, economic, and cultural participation. Democratic citizenship is learned formally, nonformally, and informally. A thematic and problem-oriented approach to political education should highlight the various roles of citizens. (SK)

Compared ability of three theoretical models (cognitive-attentional, cognitive-skills, social learning) to explain academic performance and test anxiety of 178 undergraduates. Found that variable sets from all models added unique variance to explain performance and test anxiety. Cognitive-attentional processes emerged as relatively more important…

When coached in leading peers, asking questions of peers, making comments to peers, and supporting peers, trained children showed significant increase in their use of comments and leads and improved in questions and supports, whereas controls showed little change. Increases in skill use in the classroom with peers was correlated with improvements…

Contends that, to understand role of gender in psychological problems, counselors need to be aware of gender-socialized individual characteristics, which may affect what psychological problems people develop, associated symptoms, and how people respond to problems. Claims it is important to recognize how broader sociological context presents men…

The overrepresentation of Black females in traditional occupations stems from the emotions, beliefs, and environmental factors affecting their decision making. Conflicts between sex role socialization and that of Black subculture, as well as discrimination in hiring, are contributing factors. (SK)

Investigates group differences in the use of language to request information in the conversational discourse of 39 children of 4-5 years. Membership in an ethnic group, social class, and situation affected speakers' displays of this function. (RJC)

The relevance of philosophy to political or educational change is held to be dubious. The purposes of lower (elementary and secondary) and higher education are discussed, and the kind of activity that produces improvement in education is outlined. (IAH)

Bateson's integrative multilevel approach to learning, which is based on a theory of communication, is discussed. Implications of Bateson's learning theory for a more integrated approach to behavioral change are considered. (IAH)

Provides descriptive data on strategies obese Mexican-American mothers use in the socialization of their children's eating practices. (PCB)

Sociodemographic correlates of patterns of racial socialization were examined using data from a national probability sample of 2,107 respondents. Results indicated that gender, age, marital status, region, and racial composition of the neighborhood predicted whether Black parents imparted racial socialization messages to their children. (PCB)

Reports on two sets of data on teachers' and children's use of male and female pronouns in two early childhood programs. Results support other findings that young children are socialized to see maleness as more important than femaleness. (PCB)