Explores some attributional determinants of third and fourth graders' self-punishment following transgression in a moral situation. Results were interpreted as supporting the hypothesis that children who are told by adults that they possess desirable moral characteristics experience particularly strong remorse when they fail to exercise…

The author asserts that there is now no alternative to a radical approach to moral education based on individual responsibility and choice at the interpersonal level if we are not to surrender to political social engineering. He considers the form such moral education should take. (Author/SJL)

Assesses the effect of the changing social and political environment of education on the nature and patterns of school board elections. Infers that board elections are becoming increasingly politicized in spite of the historic ideology that education is and ought to be an autonomous and nonpolitical function of government. (Author/MK)

Competition is an integral part of the American value structure. Since competitive attitudes and behaviors are learned, the competitive process can be modified. Two contrasting orientations to the competition phenomenon--competition as product and competition as process--are described, and suggestions for change are made. (JN)

Examines personality differences among college students manifesting varying degrees of anger arousal as measured by the California Psychological Inventory and the Anger Inventory. (Author/SS)

Directs the reader to sibling gender relationships. Patterns of intimacy in brother-brother and brother-sister relationships are identified. Masculine gender role patterns were expressed more frequently than classic sibling rivalry. Sisters, not mothers, were discovered to be the primary socializing agent for some of men's intimate relationships…

Contrasts different types of voluntary childlessness. The major difference disclosed is with respect to family background factors. In addition to the early v later decision to remain childless, socialization patterns in the family of orientation differentiate the two types of voluntarily childless women. (Author)

Investigates the relationship between empathy and two measures of moral development (Prosocial Moral Reasoning and Helping) and parental socialization practices in a sample of 72 students from grades 9, 11 and 12. (Author/SS)

The daily rearrangement of a profoundly retarded seven-year-old boy's routine shower was found to be effective in eliminating his low-frequency feces smearing and coprophagic (eating of feces) behavior during the late afternoon/early evening part of the day. (Author/DLS)

The free play behavior of young children allows the opportunity to actively explore, investigate, and manipulate features of the adult world, and to assimilate the characteristics of novel aspects of the environment. (Author)

Presents an expanded model of counseling, which includes a stimulation phase, to provide for active counseling methods that affect client perceptual change. This actively involves the counselor and client in full exploration, culminating in discovery. Active stimulation leads to new awareness, enhanced by social influence to achieve new…

Reports on changing family composition, family interaction, and family relationships with the larger world as reflected in children's books. Covers eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries. (RH)

When 180 children were given candy to share with others following one of three conditions for learning to share (demonstration, induction, and control groups), they showed increased sharing behaviors under the conditions of behavior example and induction, especially and significantly with induction. Sharing also increased as resources increased.…

Students in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, are leaving the school to spend as much as a full semester learning about the adult world. (Author)

An argument is developed that suggests the authority of a work of literature lies in its transcendent themes having the power of illumination through the development of an increased understanding of one's own life and the lives of others. (Author/MLF)