This article discusses the large number of reluctant clients encountered by counselors, the forms the reluctance assumes and reasons for the reluctance. Some strategies for counseling reluctant clients are outlined. (Author/HMV)

Investigated were the effects of reinforcement contingencies in two different arithmetic situations--acquisition and proficiency with seven 8-11 year-old learning disabled boys. (Author/DB)

This study assesses the effect of speech-anxious subjects acting as behavior therapists for other speech-anxious subjects. Subjects were divided into helper, helpee, latent helper, and waiting list control groups. Both helpers and helpees significantly reduced speech anxiety. The helpers showed more absolute improvement than the other groups.…

A successful behavior modification technique using a punch card to reward good behavior has been developed to teach exceptional children new academic, social and emotional behavior. (Author/CL)

Underachieving isolated students can be found in all schools, and can provide a good opportunity for counselors to demonstrate the value of teacher consultation. (Author)

Examines international crises in the 1960's with relation to the conflictual aspects of interacting dyads involved in crises to discern conflictual dimensions of national behavior during such periods. Additionally, conflict behavior was examined for those periods immediately prior to and immediately following crisis situation. (Author/RC)

This research studies and measures in what direction and how students will change when some degree of expectancy in human relationships is changed. Results of data analysis indicate that manipulation in the affective domain in a classroom setting can have significant results for achievement scores, mental health, and IQ. (Author/PC)

Two variations of desensitization therapy for reducing test anxiety were studied, active desensitization in which the client describes his visualizations of the scenes and vicarious desensitization in which the client merely observes the desensitization treatment of another test anxious client. The relaxation treatment which emphasized application…

Reviews research literature on the symptomatology, etiology, performanceand behavioral management (drug and behavior modification treatments) of hyperactive children with normal intelligence. Proposes procedure for evaluating treatment effects in natural settings. (ED)

This study examines the relationship, in women, between the motive to avoid success and feelings of being controlled externally. The results suggest that achievement motivation is blocked or lowered by feelings of external control in the situation of arousal of achievement anxieties in young women. (Author/PC)

Participant perceptions following structured and nonstructured human relations training were investigated. The design included three structured and three nonstructured groups and three leader teams with each team conducting one group under each of the two formats. The evidence suggests that greater leader experience is associated with more…