The relation of compliance to comprehension in toddlers of 12-18 months was studied. Requests were made to children in naturalistic play situations, and children's responses were coded. Significant shifts in the categories of compliance-comprehension and noncompliance-noncomprehension were found. (BC)

Examined fraternity membership and sexual aggression. Findings from male undergraduates (83 fraternity members and 178 independents) revealed that fraternity members were significantly more likely than independents to engage in nonphysical coercion and to use drugs and alcohol as sexual strategy but did not differ significantly in their use of…

In social learning theory, perception of self-efficacy derives from accomplishments, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and physiological states. Four corresponding instructional methods (practice, modeling, suggestion, climate setting) can be designed to ensure transfer of learning. (SK)

Home schooling, an alternative involving about 1 million students annually, walks a fine line in an educational reform era. Home-schooling families have succeeded in establishing their constitutional right to educate their children and have proven their educational programs' legitimacy with achievement test results and with successful "graduates."…

Argues that any comprehensive theory of peer socialization requires attention to these five constraints: (1) characteristics of the influence source; (2) characteristics of the children being socialized; (3) age constraints on peer influences; (4) paradigm considerations; and (5) domain relevance. (SD)

A first-year philosophy of education course encouraged students to challenge definitions of education as "schooling" and of relevant learning as that with an institutional or vocational focus. Critical analysis of the individual's social learning was the first step toward personal growth and social transformation. (SK)

Interviews with 24 new entrants to the academic profession at 10 Canadian and English universities were analyzed and compared with previous studies. Analysis of the process of socialization into academic life found that activity system theory and the idea of communities of practice seemed most appropriate. Implications for professional practice…

Criticizes the naturalist argument underlying current propositions bearing on second language (L2) learning in natural or formal contexts. Contests Piaget's interpretation of "Didacta Magna," shows how Krashen's acquisition/learning hypothesis follows from the two brain theory and certain naturalist suppositions, and proposes language learning…

Two graduate nursing faculty were able to mentor nursing students successfully despite barriers of time, distance, and apparent mismatch in interests. The experience demonstrates it is not essential to require a match in mentoring; however, active participation, equal responsibility, and institutional support are important. (SK)

Presents a brief history of the censorship of children's books, and then focuses on recent challenges. The view of literature as a socializing force is discussed, and examples of challenged books in the United States and Canada are provided, illustrating different reasons for censorship on both sides of the political and social spectrum. (AEF)

A survey of 300 Elderhostel participants in four southern states found that those with intellectual or social motivations were most likely to be satisfied. Expectations were highly related to satisfaction; demographic characteristics and health showed little relationship to satisfaction. (SK)

Examines the transitional process from girls' preadolescence through adolescence and the issues, consequences, and coping strategies that emerge. Findings indicate that some of the pressures that emerge during these adolescent years include changes in self-confidence, issues about body image, boys' sexual advances, and changes in parental…

Notes contemporary models of human development have expanded to address a wider set of issues underlying personal change. Discusses the social cognitive model of self-regulatory development. Emphasizes the crucial development of self-regulatory competence: the point at which the processes of development become fully and reciprocally interactive…

Observation of two students from nondominant cultures demonstrated the role of social and visual learning in the classroom as children watched each other for direction. The need for appropriate visual cues and for structure was apparent. (SK)

Looks at how gender shapes the way humans learn from biological and sociological perspectives. Indicates that teachers interact more frequently with males and that trainers should try to overcome gender bias. Suggests that discrimination persists in adult education. (JOW)