Utilizing the perspective of finite mixture modeling, this note considers whether a finding of a plausible one-parameter logistic model could be spurious for a population with substantial unobserved heterogeneity. A theoretically and empirically important setting is discussed involving the mixture of two latent classes, with the less restrictive…

We consider the proposition that reasoners represent causal conditionals such as "if John studies hard, he will do well in the test" as a causal model in which the antecedent ("John studies hard") is a potential cause of the consequent ("John does well in the test"). Some studies suggest that reasoners ignore…

This paper introduces the "Personal Model for Research" (PMR) version 2 as a framework and a tool to learn design of research proposals. It is better to say "design" instead of "writing" as usually referred in literature because "writing" cognitively induces to see the making of a research proposal as a…

Although board, card, and other analog games can serve as useful educational technologies, little research exists to support teachers' efforts in finding analog games that are pedagogically appropriate or likely to be well-received by their students. In this study, the authors retrieved data associated with 208 educational games from the…

This article reports findings of two studies exploring instructor feedback orientations. Study one examined relationships between Big Five personality traits and student feedback orientations. Study two examined relationships between academic traits and feedback orientations. Canonical correlations identified two significant functions for each…

The focus on outcomes of employee development pales in comparison to the significant financial investments organizations make in offering employee development opportunities. Most attention, as it appears, has been focused on the outcomes and benefits of conducting training -- both for employees who participate in training and the effects on…

Contemporary teacher evaluation policies are built upon multiple-measure systems including, primarily, teacher-level value-added and observational estimates. However, researchers have not yet investigated how using these indicators to evaluate teachers might distort validity, especially when one indicator seemingly trumps, or is trusted over the…

Practical hands-on experience is an effective component of science education. Lessons that involve demonstrations allow learners to explore and verify information learned from other sources (for example, reading a textbook). As a demonstration for use in a science educational setting, we developed a way to make a variable focal length lens using a…

This essay overviews a semester-long course activity and framework for the basic public-speaking course. Using Paul and Elder's critical-thinking framework, the author discusses ways to address some of the common problems within the public-speaking course while enhancing critical thinking. Through this model, students develop skills in five…

It is argued that strategizing provides firms with deep and sustainable sources of competitive advantage. Despite an emerging literature base on the strategic management of the micro firm, there is limited research into strategizing in context. This article investigates the nature of strategizing in the micro firm. A critical review of the…

Purpose: The concept of "internal marketing" (IM) has gained the attention of researchers over the past three decades. Though a lot of research has been carried out on this topic, it remains a concept yet to be completely understood and captured, with ambiguity in terms of its definition and scope. The purpose of this paper is to utilise…

The adversary evaluation model emerged in a context that favored democratic debate. It was successfully used in a variety of sectors following its inception, but it was abandoned once neo-liberal thinking and goal achievement approaches became dominant. It is time to give it a second chance. The judicial evaluation model (JEM) relies on human…

Scholars who take a situative perspective on mathematics identity have focused on different kinds of resources and mechanisms that are available for identity development, particularly for students from minoritized backgrounds. Although these approaches are generally not contradictory, they are not always consistent. Differences in what is…

This study explores the role of domain-specific knowledge in students' modeling practice and how this knowledge interacts with two domain-general modeling strategies: use of evidence and developing a causal mechanism. We analyzed models made by middle school students who had a year of intensive model-based instruction. These models were made to…

This article presents the story of Youth Hub, a grassroots, neighborhood-based initiative in Boston, Massachusetts, highlighting its use of participatory action research (PAR) to amplify youth voice, cultivate leadership, and promote change. The article includes an explanation of the need from which Youth Hub emerged; a discussion of Youth Hub's…