Methods are offered for conducting hypothesis testing associated with disattenuated validity coefficients to overcome limitations of some other suggested approaches. Through using classical test theory's notion of reliability in the form of structured path models, such hypothesis testing may be done with hierarchically related structural equation…

Observations of 17 acute care nurses were used to identify covert cognitive processes used in clinical decision making. Goal-directed processes were used to achieve specific ends. Rule-out processes involved development and elimination of hypotheses to determine what problems existed, their causes, and possible solutions. (SK)

Two multidimensional item response theory model-based methods of selecting item bundles (clusters of items chosen by some organizational principle) suspected of displaying amplification of differential item functioning (DIF) are proposed. A distinction is made between benign and adverse DIF. Three real data examples illustrate the two methods.…

The stability of dimensions extracted from a body of free response data was studied using 1,523 expressions of concern and questions raised by 271 elderly persons and analyzed by 2 groups of experimenters. The structures of resulting multidimensional configurations obtained by the 2 groups were identical. (SLD)

This study investigated the relationship of baud rate, searcher experience, performance anxiety, and search outcome in the performance of an online bibliographic search. A significant interaction of baud rate and experience was observed, as well as a relationship between anxiety and search performance. Results contain implications for training and…

A Monte Carlo simulation examined the Type I error rates and power of four tests of the null hypothesis that a correlation matrix equals the identity matrix. The procedure of C. J. Brien and others (1984) was found to be the most powerful test maintaining stable empirical alpha values. (SLD)

Evaluates two hypotheses that argue that the Spanish demonstrative verbs "aqui" and "aca" can alternate in some contexts. The results of a quantitative study of Venezuelan Spanish show that the delimination hypothesis, which states that the place denoted by "aqui" is less limited and defined than the place denoted by "aca," is valid. (29…

Describes the OCLC Internet Resource project which investigated the nature of electronic textual information available through remote access using the Internet and the practical and theoretical problems associated with creating machine-readable cataloging (MARC) records using USMARC format for computer files and the Anglo-American Cataloging…

Correlations between centralization and effectiveness were obtained from 26 independent samples in the organization science literature. Hypotheses were developed and statistically tested. The hypotheses that were supported are reflected in a final theory of the centralization-effectiveness relationship. (75 references) (MLF)

Several new multiple comparison procedures are discussed in terms of their applicability to the problem of generating confidence intervals based on range null hypotheses to control the familywise Type 1 error in multiple sample experiments. These procedures seem fairly robust to violations of normality and homogeneity assumptions. (SLD)

Argues that selecting data according to expected information gain, as proposed by M. Oaksford and N. Chater (1994, 1996), leads to suboptimal performance in Bayesian hypothesis testing. Procedures are presented that are better justified normatively, their psychological implications are explored, and a number of novel predictions are derived under…

Argues that Klauer's proposal (1999) and proposal presented are equally well justified from a normative perspective and that, where the predictions of the two approaches diverge, the existing empirical evidence is consistent with the information gain approach. Recommends that more empirical research is required to decide between these two…

The hypothetical deduction model of educational research should be replaced by one that distinguishes between the logical structure of hypothetico-deduction and its methodological application. Such a framework explores relationships between three levels of explanation: observation sentences, observation categoricals, and theory formulations. (SK)

Describes the implementation of a standard Pearson chi-square statistic to test the null hypothesis of bivariate normality for latent variables in the Type I censored model. Assesses the behavior of the statistic through simulation and illustrates the statistic through an empirical example. Discusses limitations of the test. (Author/SLD)

Two bootstrap tests are proposed to test the independence hypothesis in a two-way cross table. Monte Carlo studies are used to compare the traditional asymptotic test with these bootstrap methods, and the bootstrap methods are found superior in two ways: control of Type I error and statistical power. (SLD)