Citizenship is an important part of the development of young people. By enabling them to learn about their rights and responsibilities, to understand how society works, and develop knowledge and understanding of social and political issues, citizenship prepares them for dealing with the challenges they face in life. Through citizenship, young…

Introduction: Many physicians seek information from colleagues over other sources, highlighting the important role of interaction in continuing professional development (CPD). To guide the development of CPD opportunities, this study explored the nature of cancer-related questions faced by general surgeons, and how interaction with colleagues…

In this article, the author presents a discussion regarding the sharing of decision making regarding curriculum in preschool. The preschool where she teaches is housed in a diverse, faith-based elementary school in the heart of Grand Rapids, Michigan, a midsize, midwestern city. It offers full-day, half-day, and two-and-a-half-hour preschool…

In a policy climate driven by tests and external mandates, theories of school reform that place teachers, their knowledge, and their relationships at the heart of school improvement have garnered attention as promising alternatives. Yet little exists in print about how such theories actually work or what these approaches look like in practice.…

In this article, we revive work redesign theory, specifically Hackman and Oldham's Job Characteristics Model (JCM), to examine distributed leadership initiatives. Based on our early observations of six schools engaged in distributed leadership reform and a broad review of literature, including empirical tests of work redesign theory, we retrofit…

Democracy engenders freedom for all, human rights, participation based on equality, shared values, the rule of law, due process, good governance and transparency. In the workplace, it would include freedom of expression, association, participation, access to available information and the right of workers to understand what goes on where they work.…

Reviews findings of a study that examined the personal and perceived institutional goals of correctional educators. Results support the authors' recommendation for a participatory approach to the establishment of goals for correctional education. (Author/CH)

Discusses effective management techniques and stresses the importance of practicing positive employee relations. Suggestions for management effectiveness include trusting employees, maintaining flexibility, being accessible to employees, having a written problem-solving policy, and giving employees equal opportunity for advancement. (BH)

A study of 204 managers in large organizations found that managers would prefer more participation than currently exists and that those managers who use participatory techniques have a favorable impact on employee performance and attitudes. There is much interest in participative management and usually the benefits outweigh the drawbacks. (JOW)

Spousal response consistency on family decision-making items was examined among spouses in Kentucky. Spousal response consistency was found for all decision-making and task-allocation items. Education level was found to be negatively correlated with response consistency, while low level of spousal tension also was associated with response…

American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T) and the union representing its workers--Communications Workers of America--have cooperated in a quality of work life program unique in scope and intensity: a labor-management agreement in which 40,000 Bell System employees have participated. Commitment to the program has survived a 1983 strike and the…

Discusses Japanese management from the perspective of the complex relationship between Japanese culture and their practice of lifelong employment, shared authority in decision making, and dissolution of many of the privileges of rank. (Author)

Nursing managers have tried a number of systems to increase employee participation, and quality circles seem to be the most promising method currently available. Describes effective implementation techniques within a nursing organization. (JOW)

The theory of participative management is sound, but in practice it has been misunderstood. Three common problems are that some managers (1) often view the technique as an exclusive tool, (2) confuse it with democratization, and (3) consciously or unconsciously manipulate the process for their own benefit. (SK)

Explores factors that reinforce the division between college faculty and administrators and discusses processes that can minimize the divide. Offers lessons learned from participation in the Associated New American Colleges (ANAC) Faculty Work Project. (EV)