A study examined whether information about student approaches to making their course choices could have been used to identify those who subsequently changed or withdrew from their courses. Multivariate analysis indicated that combinations of the information could discriminate between students who persisted and those who withdrew. (Author/MLW)

Examined factors associated with marital interaction, particularly women's employment and marital happiness, in a nationwide sample of 2,034 men and women. Results suggested interaction is reduced by both men's and women's job involvement, children, and a traditional division of household labor. Marital quality was the most important predictor.…

The influence of two time variables (allocated time and pupil time on task) was compared with the influence of two context variables (aptitude and socioeconomic status), on primary level mathematics achievement. Results showed that the time variables accounted for significantly more variance in achievement, with pupil time on task having the…

Explored values of children among 163 mothers and their adolescent children and compared these values related to other adolescent characteristics. Results suggested the values of children are similar in adolescents and adults, and a positive relationship was found between values and fertility preferences. (JAC)

Examined the relationship between drinking and criminal behavior among 342 adolescent offenders. Results showed drinking is strongly associated with minor offenses. Relative to background and behavioral factors, drinking is the strongest single predictor of serious criminal offenses among Blacks, with less importance for whites and little…

A synthesis of results from 35 studies of the association between academic and occupational performance in various fields indicated that academic indicators such as grades and test scores account for only 2.4 percent of the variance in occupational performance criteria such as income, job satisfaction, and effectiveness ratings. (Author/BW)

Interviewed 400 elderly women to identify factors contributing to mother's satisfaction with filial relationships. Satisfaction with filial relationships was found to be related primarily to satisfaction with quality of contact with children and secondarily to children's potential filial behavior and mother's satisfaction with quantity of contact…

Interviewed 63 nonworking and 42 working mothers with a first baby to examine the relationship between previous work involvement and the experience of first-time motherhood. Results showed high-work-involvement women tended to report greater irritability and higher costs of motherhood. For working mothers, work involvement was generally unrelated…

Questions whether role loss significantly influences volunteering, based on data from a sample of 4,339 older adults. Findings suggested that other social characteristics such as socioeconomic status and gender have a greater influence on volunteer patterns. (JAC)

An extremely unpleasant film was shown to one group of students, while another group served as controls. Results suggest that, under conditions of stressful emotional arousal, learning outcomes are influenced predominantly by the combined effects of personality traits, motivational dynamics, and emotional states, which outweigh the influence of…

Investigated job-seeker preferences for selected job factors in a study of 266 students who rated fictitious job descriptions. Results showed adequate pay was relatively more important than factors related to the type of work. Sex, age, grade average, parents' income, experience, and achievement need influenced students' attitudes. (JAC)

Compared 30 hospitalized suicidal adolescents, 34 hospitalized nonsuicidal adolescents, and 35 controls to examine factors in suicide attempts. Results showed suicidals had significantly more peer problems, a greater degree of hopelessness, and felt their families were the most maladjusted. They also experienced significantly more external locus…

Reviews the existing literature on the perceptions, knowledge, and use of services by the elderly. Results suggest many elderly do not hold positive attitudes towards services, a bare majority appear aware of services, utilization rates are extremely low, and the correlates of service use are not well understood. (JAC)

Reviews research on the vulnerability of the elderly to consumer fraud. Patterns of consumption, situational characteristics, education and product knowledge, psychological losses, social isolation, and psychosocial transitions influence the elderly's vulnerability and ability to cope with consumer abuse. Higher educational attainment and greater…

Investigated screening measures for predicting whether or not agricultural education students would teach. Suggests that it may be impractical to screen students into those likely to teach and those not likely to teach. (JOW)