This conference presentation describes a six-week intervention training program for parents with children who exhibit negative behavior (noncompliance, temper tantrums, whining). The focus of the program is to increase positive parent-child interaction, as well as to teach parents how to make and follow through on commands to their children.…

This paper describes research which involved (1) the study of children's moral reasoning about their own spontaneous prosocial behavior and (2) an examination of the early development of such reasoning. Prosocial moral reasoning is defined as reasoning about conflicts in which the individual must choose between satisfying his or her own wants,…

In this Child Development Associate (CDA) training module, the trainee is provided with basic concepts of child development. The identity, socialization and sense of self worth of the child are emphasized. Techniques for observing the behavior of 3- to 5-year-old children are indicated. As a result, the trainee can learn how to make and maintain,…

Observations were made of infant caregivers in four child care centers to determine which stimulation acts (verbal and physical contacts) were provided for the infants and with what frequency of occurrence. It was hypothesized that walking infants would receive more stimulation acts than non-walkers. Nineteen caregivers were observed interacting…

Criteria are established for a definition of "clinical supervision" and the effectiveness of such supervisory programs in a student teaching context are considered. Two differing genres of clinical supervision are constructed: "supervision by pattern analysis" is contrasted with "supervision by performance objectives." An outline of procedural…

The relative importance of visual and auditory information in judging student comprehension during a reading lesson was tested by having 42 adult subjects observe videotape recordings of reading lessons with individual children and estimate student comprehension with visual information only, auditory information only, or both visual and auditory…

Two naturalistic studies of young (18-30 month old) children's memory for object location are reported which indicate that young children's memories are better than non-naturalistic studies suggest and that they have confidence in their memories. In the first study, 17 children were observed attempting to find objects they had watched their…

Ethnomethodological research involves participation in the field, with some degree of social interaction, with the subjects of the study; direct observation of relevant events; some formal and a great deal of informal interviewing; systematic counting; collection of documents and artifacts; and flexibility in the direction the study takes. This…

THIS MANUAL DESCRIBES MEASURES USED IN "THE COGNITIVE ENVIRONMENTS OF URBAN PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN" PROJECT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO. THE SAMPLE FOR THE STUDY CONSISTED OF 163 NEGRO MOTHER-CHILD PAIRS SELECTED FROM 3 SOCIOECONOMIC CLASSES BASED ON THE FATHER'S OCCUPATION AND THE PARENTS' EDUCATION. A FOURTH GROUP INCLUDED FATHER-ABSENT…

Classroom simulation and interaction analysis are 2 new approaches to preservice observation and practicum training which involve maximum student participation in the learning experience. A 2-factor design was used to investigate the interacting effects of these 2 types of training; 92 student teachers in randomized groups received interaction…

Educational Testing Service is involved in a measurement approach to research in teaching with a goal of developing procedures for obtaining objective quantitive descriptions of teacher behavior, in terms of a minimum number of dimensions, on the basis of direct observation. The Observation Schedule and Record (OScAR), a card which contains a list…

This paper offers a concept for overcoming some problems in classroom observation research stated in the following three propositions: (1) there is a logical gap between available means for describing teacher behavior using observation schemes and the larger purposes of education; (2) classroom observation instruments have neglected descriptions…

This report provides descriptive statistical information from Phase III-B of the Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study. Within the sample of second and fifth grade teachers in classrooms in public schools in California, approximately six students were identified as target students to be studied during the school year. These students were observed…

The consistency of teaching behavior of 28 sixth-grade teachers over a period of two years was studied and evaluated. Trained observers rated teachers with Ryans' Classroom Observation Record (20 scales that reproduced Ryans' factors of teacher behaviors). Many of the same teachers were observed again in the following year by a team of half-old,…

This paper is concerned with the research and development work that is being undertaken in applying interaction analysis to the training of university lectures. Interaction analysis or the systematic observation of lecturing is a technique that has been used in conjunction with microteaching to facilitate the trainer's job in shaping the teaching…