The 1st goal of this study was to investigate how online communication is related to the closeness of existing friendships. Drawing from a sample of 794 preadolescents and adolescents, the authors found that online communication was positively related to the closeness of friendships. However, this effect held only for respondents who primarily…

This study investigated the effects of selected physiological variables on preadolescent male and female long distance runners. The trained group was comprised of 20 children between the ages of 8 and 10 who had been running a minimum of 20 miles per week for two months or longer. The control group was made up of 20 children of the same ages who…

Children's use of defenses to maintain or enhance self-esteem was investigated. Attention was given to four questions: Do children with different levels of self-esteem differ in (1) the frequency with which they employ defenses? (2) kinds of emotions they defend against? (3) the kinds of social situations which elicit their defensive responses?…

Under the careful supervision of a trained fitness professional, the benefits of prepubescent strength training (improved strength, power, muscular endurance, bone density) outweigh the risks (acute and chronic musculoskeletal injuries). (CB)

The differences between 27 emotionally disturbed/behavior disordered (ED/BD) 9-to-13-year-old elementary students and 27 of their peers on measures of perception of locus of control (LOC) were investigated. The two groups were matched on sex, race, and age. No differences were found between the groups. (Author/BN)

Thirty-three males from ages 8 to 21 years participated in a nine-week resistive exercise program to test the hypothesis that pubescent males respond better to strength training than older or younger males do. Results are discussed. (Author/MT)

Describes a keyboarding course based on the Donnelly method. The course was taught on a community college campus to children ages 8 to 13. (CH)

Discusses the need for smoking prevention programs that help adolescents resist social pressure and that use the results of current smoking prevention research. Theoretical foundations of current smoking prevention programs are also provided. (AS)

To explore the relationship between a child's self-concept and psychosocial processes related to the perception of time, 74 preadolescents with asthma were studied. Results suggest that females' perception of the past, present, and future are significantly associated with a host of psychosocial variables and associated with the self, males' less…

Investigates possible differences in measured self-concept between preadolescent physically disabled children attending either a special school for the physically disabled or a regular school. Comparisons were also made with a group of nondisabled controls, and self-concept of participants' siblings was also studied. (RH)

Equally divided by sex and distributed equally across fourth/fifth, eighth/ninth, and college grade levels, 144 subjects performed a mental rotation task under instructions emphasizing either accuracy or speed of response, or both. Instructions had large and consistent effects on speed of response but were not as uniformly effective in their…

Education programs to prepare young women for menarche can potentially affect their self-view; peer interaction, decision making; and self-care capabilities. A review of literature on menarche and menarcheal education is presented with implications for program development. (Author/MT)

The Center for Early Adolescence at the University of North Carolina polled 20,000 professionals, agencies, and organizations that serve youths. The types of services offered by the most effective programs for 10-15 year olds are described. A step-by-step process for setting up after school programs is presented. (MT)

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Examined the influence of chumship relationships and altruistic behavior on loneliness in 116 students aged 12-14 who completed four measures. Results indicated that chumship relationships did not account for differences in loneliness. Students reporting close chumship and weak altruistic behavior were loneliest. (JAC)