Forty-three preschool children with language, behavioral, and learning difficulties were administered the Children's Analogical Thinking Modifiability Test, which uses a test-teach-test approach. The group receiving difficulty-contingent, individualized instruction (referred to as mediation) performed significantly better on the posttest, while…

Results of five experiments showed that in certain situations recall varied with processing difficulty for both children and college students. This was primarily due to enhanced cue discriminability. The relation between processing difficulty and developmental increases in recall seemed to be mediated by constructability problems and resource- and…

An evaluation of the New Parents as Teachers (NPAT) program concluded that a high quality parent education and support program conducted during a child's first three years measurably increases the child's intellectual, achievement, and language abilities. Parental involvement with parent educators during home visits is the single most important…

Looks at changes in attitudes toward the intellectual development of infants and young children in the United States during the 20th century. Conducts a content analysis of samples of articles from the popular literature of the period. (KO)

Investigates the relationship between early interactional patterns and later cognitive performance in 29 infant-mother pairs. Results indicate that cognitive milestones are relatively uniform in the first two years of life. Socio-emotional development showed a variety of profiles. (RJC)

This study investigated the effectiveness of a training sequence, based on Tough's categories of language use, to reduce the percent of reporting questions in relation to total questions; while increasing the percent of logical reasoning, predicting, and projecting questions used by student teachers (N=89) in leading discussions. (IAH)

Explains methods for structuring student participation in an archaeological expedition to develop the students' self-worth and to increase appreciation for history as it relates to the students' lives. Skills acquired may include: (1) earth science; (2) mathematics; (3) map reading skills; (4) communication skills; (5) writing skills; (6)…

A large-scale longitudinal study of the progress of elementary school students, focusing on effects of school membership upon cognitive outcomes, attainment in verbal abilities, and noncognitive outcomes such as attendance, attitudes, behavior, and self-concept, found that school membership is far more influential in these areas than are…

Pedagogical intelligence is analyzed, with particular emphasis on teacher decision-making strategies, the role of experience, and developmental aspects. Ways in which teacher educators can help foster pedagogical intelligence and specific examples of practices being tried are presented. (IAH)

Describes the evolution of the Rochester Institute of Technology's course on reading and thinking in science and technology for hearing-impaired students, featuring instructional enrichment and problem-solving components that reinforce students' application of problem-solving approaches beyond the course. (CB) (Adjunct ERIC Clearinghouse on…

Examines whether a good relationship with both parents can buffer male adolescents from divorced families against detrimental effects of divorce by preventing adjustment problems, compared to adolescents from intact families. Studied three subject groups: divorced/good relationship with both parents; divorced/poor relationship with both parents;…

Describes qualitative aspects of explicit and less explicit explanations of cognitive reasoning processes associated with mathematical problem solving strategies. Includes lesson excerpts to illustrate three major differences between explicit and less explicit explanations. (MG)

Reviews current issues in child language acquisition and suggests a research agenda for helping those children who have difficulty mastering the fundamentals of language. (Author/BJV)

Identifies the cognitive skills necessary for children to accurately comprehend projective size on television. Traces the acquisition of these skills and identifies the role of media experience in facilitating comprehension by assessing the extent to which different types of television fare require the use of different cognitive skills. (MS)

Challenges the assumptions behind discipline-based art education. Defends studio art as educationally sound relative to learning theory and characterizes it as the best defense against the exclusion of art from the curriculum. Recommends studio art as a means for balancing curriculum already skewed toward analytically abstract teaching…