This paper analyzes singlehood as a positive choice made by adults. In-depth interviews with single men and women (N=20) reveal a complex set of experiences surrounding the decision to remain single. The growth of interpersonal support structures for singles and an emergent ideology of singlehood are identified. (Author)

The 380 upper-middle class respondents in this exploratory study are involved in Intimate Friendship (IF): otherwise traditional friendship in which sexual intimacy is considered appropriate behavior; IF appears to be an outgrowth of practicing sexually open marriage over an extended period of time. Positive and negative aspects of this practice…

Vocabulary test responses as traditionally scored were compared to these same responses when scored for finer nuances of understanding, as determined by the criterion of superior synonyms. Hypothesized the latter would be more related to age in a deficit pattern than the former. Results partly supported the hypothesis. (Author)

Effects of differential reinforcement of cautiousness upon intellectual performance in the elderly were investigated employing 56 females and 32 males. Systematically varied pre-test instruction conditions involving two levels of risk and of response omission when taking the PMA Test. Results suggest performance in intelligence tests is influenced…

Study examines the perceptions of the role of an elementary classroom teacher from the responses of administrators, parents, teachers, school board directors, and elementary education professors to a Likert-type instrument. Findings indicated that all groups of respondents differed significantly in their perceptions of the role of an elementary…

A 55-item instrument was developed to measure the attitudes of students toward professional education courses. Graduate students perceived more importance to professional education courses than undergraduates. The instrument appeared to be an effective tool to measure attitudes of prospective and in-service teachers toward professional education…

A community based study of 268 randomly selected subjects over the age of 65 provided information concerning major limitations that prevent older adults from taking advantage of existing or future educational programs. The three most prevalent were poor vision, home responsibilities, and lack of transportation. (Author)

Explores the extent to which state divorce laws have an independent effect on divorce rates. Two findings, using regression analysis, are (1) a strong relationship exists between permissiveness of divorce laws and divorce rates; (2) the relationship remains when effects of variations in economic development and social costs are controlled. (Author)

General review of research on racial relations and counseling process. It was found that black clients preferred black counselors and that race of counselor had effect on outcome while experience did not. Studies have concluded that traditional counseling processes are ineffective with black clients and recommend more action oriented approaches.…

This study assesses the effect of speech-anxious subjects acting as behavior therapists for other speech-anxious subjects. Subjects were divided into helper, helpee, latent helper, and waiting list control groups. Both helpers and helpees significantly reduced speech anxiety. The helpers showed more absolute improvement than the other groups.…

The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children was administered to 80 retarded youngsters from ages 6 to 16 years. The factors found for the retarded children are similar to those found for normal children. This similarity suggests there may be no qualitative differences in intelligence structure for normal and retarded children. (Author/SJL)

The purpose of this study was to replicate an earlier finding that two process variables would predict whether callers to a suicide and crisis service would show for appointments for face-to-face counseling. Caller motivation ("referral responsiveness") predicted referral outcome but volunteer concreteness did not. (Author)

A test of the personality constructs hypothesized by Holland was performed using a list of adjectives believed to be descriptive of the respective types. The sample used the adjectives to describe themselves in a manner consistent with Holland's model, however the correspondence was closer for males than females. (Author)

The Vocational Preference Inventory responses from 290 subjects were subjected to a Rasch item analysis, one of a class of latent trait models. After elimination of 22 items which did not fit the model, a sex-free form of the VPI was obtained. (Author)