A chronometric mental rotation paradigm was applied to examine manipulation of visual imagery in early adolescents in relation to age, sex, mental rotation ability, and socioeconomic background. Subjects were fifth- and seventh-grade boys and girls from a middle and lower socioeconomic background. (Author/MP)

Investigated hand preference using a questionnaire. Respondents were divided into: right-handers (N=523), left-handers (N=412), and impossible to classify (N=42). Items were subjected to a cluster analysis. Results show a clear grouping of items for left-handers and a vaguely similar grouping for right-handers, characterized by the muscle groups…

The accuracy and rate of correctly completed math problems increased when three educable retarded adolescents were required to do the assignment in a shorter than usual period of time. Findings differed from previous studies which revealed that abrupt shifts produce a decline in response rate and undesirable emotional side effects. (Author/CL)

Forty-eight female university students participated in a reaction-time experiment in which challenging goal instructions were manipulated under conditions of minimal feedback. Findings extend Locke's views of the effects of personal goals on subsequent performance to applications involving minimal implicit knowlege of results. (Author/MP)

Investigates age differences in the impact of play on subsequent tool-use, the influences of task characteristics on the impact of play on tool-use, the ways play aids tool-use, and the effect of play richness on tool-use among 30 children in each of three age groups (from four to five, six to seven, and eight to ten years of age). (RH)

Twenty gifted learners (11 years old) demonstrated performance superior to 20 average age matched learners on problem solving tasks related to memory and attention, but not on all measures related to performance efficiency and strategy selection. Average Ss used significantly more advanced strategies when continued access to feedback was…

An interactional approach to attention problems in learning disabled children takes into account the degree of voluntary attention required by the task, the degree of structure in the setting, and the characteristics of the child. (CL)

Evaluated effects of perceived freedom of choice on behavior change. Subjects were assigned to groups that varied in amount of perceived choice in determining training procedures. Subjects who perceived that they were given choice in training procedures improved significantly more than subjects who lost freedom of choice. (Author/BEF)

Results showed that, even with efficient instructional procedures, overloading, higher failure rate, and percentage of transposition spelling errors and greater variance in performance may occur when the number of words presented each day exceeds three. (Author)

High-Formality and low-formality versions of a passage were read by undergraduate education students who either took notes for a presentation to professionals or to students, or simply read the text. Results of a free-recall test support the encoding function of note taking and its relation to informal prose. (Author/AEF)

A theory of cognitive modifiability deals with the phenomenon of low cognitive performance, explains its etiology, and forms the basis for a remedial intervention--Instrumental Enrichment (IE)--that induces changes of a structural nature in adolescents. (Author)

Among findings of the study involving 10 autistic children (8 to 15 years old) were that four adult approach styles (varying in structure and interpersonal demands) were reliably discriminable and that children's responses were positively related to the interpersonal and task oriented demands that were made of them. (Author)

A comprehensive three-year process for planning a system of teacher accountability can ensure discriminating and valid results. (Author)

The article describes how teachers can screen their severely handicapped students for allergies which, if untreated, can produce reactions that interfere with ability to attend to instruction. (Author/CL)

Thirteen intrinsic and extrinsic uncorrelated (orthogonal) factors related to academic performance of hearing impaired children integrated into regular classes are identified and described. The factors are discussed in terms of their implications for determining the suitability of a mainstream setting for a particular hearing impaired child.…