A representative group of occupations was examined within an attributional framework, utilizing the concept of perceived causality for success. Results supported several hypotheses and also revealed some systematic relationships between causes and between perceived causality for success and occupational prestige. (Author)

Job complexity was measured for jobs in a public agency. Perceptions of job complexity were obtained from self-reports. Independent measures were obtained from interviews with subjects. Career stages were found to moderate relationships between job satisfaction and perceived job complexity and between job-performance and independently rated job…

Questionnaires that assesed educational goals, career goals, preferred and expected career commitment, sex-role attitudes, age, college class, height, and weight were completed by 884 male and female undergraduates representing two racial groups and two age groups. Age, size, and college class were unrelated to women's goals and attitudes. (Author)

A stratified, random sample of 200 junior and senior undergraduates at the University of Maryland, College Park, was asked to complete a 50-item problem checklist. Results provided information on a number of student problems unique to a racial-cultural group, as well as some common to all students. (Author)

Racial bias in the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) was investigated by comparing responses of Black and White compulsive heroin users on both empirically derived validity and clinical scales and intuitively constructed content scales. The results suggest that ethnicity is an influential subject background characteristic.…

Fabricated test protocols were used to study how effectively examiners agree in scoring ambiguous WISC-R responses. The results suggest that, even with the improved WISC-R manual, scoring remains a difficult and challenging task. (Author)

Teachers from eight schools responded to an extensive questionnaire designed to reveal their perceptions of the roles, functions, and helpfulness of school psychologists. Results indicate that teachers from upper income schools viewed the psychologist as most helpful to a greater variety of children. (Author)

This research sought to ascertain predictors of well-being and survival among "elite" residents in long-term care facilities. Analysis showed that primary predictors of morale, life satisfaction, satisfaction with treatment, and survival were residents' subjective perceptions of the facility and their preference about living in it or elsewhere.…

Two studies were conducted in order to test the hypothesis that the afereffects of stress on both performance and social behavior are attributable to a depletion of attentional capacity. This depletion, or "cognitive fatigue," was predicted to increase with both the attentional load and duration of an activity. Results were positive. (Author)

Multiple discriminant function analysis indicates that drug users see and want a treatment environment that allows open expression of feeling (spontaneity) and control (staff control). These apparently contradictory environmental dimensions define the dilemma in drug treatment, i.e., how to control drug use and simultaneously cope with drug users'…

Interview data indicate that Nebraska's statutory provision of drug education for those convicted of possession or sale of illegal drugs does not deter illicit drug use. A comparison of instructors' and participants' responses to the same questions reveal major ideological differences regarding drug policy in general, and marijuana policy…

Personnel representatives were shown one of four videotaped job interviews in which the verbal content of the 16-minute interview was identical, but the interviewee's nonverbal behavior was manipulated. Nonverbal behavior was found to have a significant effect on almost every rating made by subjects in this study. (Author)

The effects of self-determination vs teacher-determination of time-out duration on disruptive behavior were investigated in a group of 15 students in a special classroom who had learning disabilities and/or behavior problems. The effects of various time-out conditions did not differ. (Author)

A group of 190 third through sixth graders were given either 6, 16, or 26 months of reading instruction with functional color components (FCC) of parts of words. Another 160 children in the same schools did not recieve FCC instruction. FCC brought about improvement in reading scores. Nondisability children showed greater improvement. (Author)

Enterprising work yields higher income with less education than other types of work, suggesting that the income gap between Blacks and Whites might be decreased if counselors help Black youth gain access to enterprising work. (Author)