Research evidence indicates that counselors rated as more effective are lower in dogmatism. Additional research suggests that the counseling relationship with deliquent populations is different from that with nondelinquent populations. It is the intent of this study to investigate perceptions of counselor effectiveness held by clients in a major…

Empathy and stereotype accuracy of rehabilitation counselors attempting to preduct client responses on a problem inventory were studied. Results showed that all subject groups, pre-counselor through experienced counselor, with and without master's degrees, were able to make empathic and stereotype predictions at a level significantly better than…

This report describes part of the research conducted under Work Unit MODE, which examined methodological approaches in acquiring valid research data pertinent to critical social problems. It describes a study in which rates of nontherapeutic drug use obtained by a random urine screening program among Army personnel were compared with rates…

Order analysis is a measurement technique for the quantitative and generalizable description of complex structures. Relations between the manifest elements of a data matrix and its underlying latent entities and attributes are considered in terms of magnitudes as basic scale units. Magnitude is conceptualized as a difference relation, translated…

The Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs has established interdisciplinary research on policy problems as the core of its educational program. A major part of this program is the policy research project, in the course of which three faculty members, each from a different profession or discipline, and about 15 graduate students with diverse…

This annual report presents an overview and brief descriptions of the activities of the Pennsylvania Research Coordinating Unit for fiscal year 1972. The narrative section touches on the research and exemplary projects monitored, conferences held, career education projects, and other concerns. The appendix contains an annotated listing of all…

The purpose of this paper was to examine the following question: What is the relationship between parental interest and control over their adolescent children, and juvenile delinquency? Two hypotheses were tested: (1) fewer adolescents who report greater parental control will report engaging in delinquent behavior than adolescents who report less…

A study was conducted among high school students to discern their reasons for dropping out of school. Indepth interviews were conducted with a random sample of 544 dropouts from a large urban board in Canada. The profile of a typical dropout in the literature is one of a chronic low achiever who is aimless, alientated, angry, and has a variety of…

Forth-two subjects were randomly assigned to two empathy training treatments. One treatment, approximating Carkhuff's training method, employed didactic teaching, discrimination training, modeling, experientially-oriented communications practice, and feedback. The second treatment, a cognitive self-instructional modeling approach, included each of…

This speech addressed itself to the variety of achievement motivations that can be critically different for men and women. The author, impressed by the different ways people cognitively define and experience a successful accomplishment, developed a taxonomy of psychological cues which people might use in defining their success. Six varieties of…

This document is a compilation of approved and ongoing research projects of the National Institute of Education (NIE). The primary purpose of the document is to provide the NIE management personnel, who plan, control, and monitor research projects, with readily available, fully indexed information on current projects. The document is divided into…

This study hypothesizes that professional women will have more intra- and inter-role conflict than their male professional counterparts. Data were collected from male and female employees at a major midwestern university in three occupational groups--faculty, academic-professional, and nonacademic. Inter- and intra-role conflict data were…

The objective of two studies was to devise an assessment procedure for the evaluation of therapy with distressed marriages. An extension of behavior exchange theory was proposed to include phenomenological ratings by the couple of the intent of messages sent and the impact of messages received. Convergent criteria were used to select 14…

Freudian theory and subsequent research indicates a connection between sexual and aggressive motivation. The present study investigated preferences among nonsexual, sexual, and aggressive humor as a function of induced aggressive mood. One-hundred and twenty male and 120 female university students participated in one of four 2x2 factorial designs…

Previous equity research indicates that females more often than males prefer to divide rewards equally when their own work inputs are greater than that of their partner. In the present study, males and females divided rewards either between themselves and another person, or between two hypothetical members of a work dyad. Results showed that when…