This article uses a case study of a deaf-blind infant to examine issues in the early cognitive development of such infants. The study used an ecological approach involving naturalistic observation, videotaping, anecdotal accounts, and the use of four global developmental scales. (DB)

Finds that the strategies used by children with hearing impairments to invent spellings were developmentally and phonologically similar to those used by hearing children. (SR)

Presents a clinical-developmental framework of adolescent suicidal behavior that combines theory, research, and interviews with adolescent girls under psychiatric care for suicide attempts. (HTH)

Includes "The Paradox of Productive Aging" (Sicker); "Beyond Productive Aging" (Riley, Riley); "Changing Concepts; Visionary or Short-Sighted" (Holstein); "Making Aging Meaningful" (Glanz, Neikrug); and "Perspectives on Productive Aging from Austria, Bolivia, Denmark, Finland, Japan, Venezuela."…

Children of the Baka, a preliterate society of Pygmies in southeast Cameroon, were tested for their conception of mind. Several studies conducted in other countries were reviewed. Results provide support for the claim that belief-desire reasoning is universally acquired in childhood. (GLR)

Two experiments tested two, three, and four year olds' ability to understand false beliefs. Results of both experiments support earlier claims that an understanding of false beliefs and deceptive ploys emerges at around age four. Two and three year olds can be led to produce such ploys but show no clear understanding of their effect. (GLR)

The matching of 5 predictors of organizational commitment with 5 career stages was investigated with a sample of 1,536 Air Force employees. Between- and within-stage analysis showed that team cohesion was stronger during second stage, job challenge during third, supervisor behavior during fourth, and organizational climate during fifth.…

Describes a study of the extent to which children in early intervention programs are experiencing a reiteration of Individual Educational Program (IEP) objectives from one year to the next and whether this repetition results from establishing initial objectives too difficult for the children. Finds a significant amount of repetition and objectives…

Sixteen preschool subjects were evaluated within several weeks after stuttering onset and followed for six months. Findings showed a strong tendency for reduction in stuttering-like disfluencies, number of head/face movements, and parent and clinician severity ratings of stuttering. Several subjects, including severe cases, exhibited complete…

Comprehensive data are presented about the typical and atypical errors made when children produce consonant singletons, emphasizing error sounds actually used (including distortions and phonological process errors), frequency of errors at various ages, and scope of phonological process application. Clinical criteria are presented for determining…

Studied the ontogeny of walking by prelocomotor infants. Results support a dynamic systems view of development and the view that upright locomotion emerges from the self-organization of multiple cooperating elements rather than as a result of a preexisting neural code. (Author/GR)

This study of the communication effectiveness of 78 adolescents found that emotionally disturbed subjects were characterized by poorer communication and a lack of developmental change from early to late adolescence. Emotionally disturbed adolescents used less figurative information (form, size, color) than normal peers, but similar operative…

A conversation among senior student affairs professionals concerning college cultural pluralism and "political correctness" illustrates three stages of paradigm shift in higher education, including (1) a single dominant culture, (2) multiple cultures existing alongside each other; and (3) multiple cultures retaining their identities but…

Adult learners bring a greater background of life experiences to the learning situation; may experience diminished learning rates, if not ability; and approach learning from personal or professional needs, not compulsion. Effective adult learning requires time for reflection and for application and manipulation of ideas. Principals dealing with…

Two studies exposed children and adults to an illusion created by perceptual adaptation, in which subjects perceived two identical bottles, held simultaneously in a different hand, as being different in weight. Feedback and repeated trials led older children and adults to improve performance in determining correct weights. The role of feedback,…