This study investigates some of the motivational and behavioral correlates of problem gambling behaviours in a Canadian university sample of emerging adults. This transitional developmental stage presents many new opportunities and challenges that may strain emerging adults' coping capacities, and is typically characterized by heightened tolerance…

We tested a method for solving Bayesian reasoning problems in terms of spatial relations as opposed to mathematical equations. Participants completed Bayesian problems in which they were given a prior probability and two conditional probabilities and were asked to report the posterior odds. After a pretraining phase in which participants completed…

A central aim of physics education research is to understand the processes of learning and use that understanding to inform instruction. To this end, researchers often conduct studies to measure the effect of classroom interventions on student outcomes. Many of these intervention studies have provided an empirical foundation of reformed teaching…

There is currently a consensus in mathematics education that favors constructivist instructional models, which are based on the inquiry of knowledge by students. There are, however, different views that consider objectivist models, based on knowledge transmission (direct or explicit teaching) more effective in the teaching of scientific…

Using public information from birth certificates and prison records from Florida, we adopt a reduced-form approach to estimate the effect of relative age on the probability of incarceration in adulthood (until age 30-40). We use a Regression Discontinuity Design around the cutoff date for Kindergarten enrollment (Sept. 1). We find strong evidence…

The provision of grant aid is important to students' postsecondary opportunities and success. It is well established that grant aid increases the probability of enrollment in postsecondary education. A slate of studies in recent years has extended this research to examine whether grant aid also has an impact on persistence and degree attainment.…

Confidence and its accuracy have been most commonly examined in domains such as general knowledge and learning, with less study of other domains, such as applied knowledge and problem solving. Monitoring accuracy in real-world competencies may depend on characteristics of the domain. In this study, we examined whether monitoring accuracy, both…

Education and research are considered as the cornerstones of the economic growth and the job creation for the Lisbon Strategy proposed by the European Union. Therefore, understanding the transmission channels of the educational investments to the society is important to inform policymakers and students about the benefits and opportunities…

Introductory statistics courses, which are important in preparing students for their daily lives, generally derive inferential statistics from informal knowledge. In this transition process, sampling distributions have an important place, yet research has shown that students often have difficulties with this concept. In order to increase their…

Informed by self-directed learning theory, we explored the relationship between community college students' ages and their use of academic advising. Although academic advising has been shown to be an important part of student success, few studies have explored academic advising at community colleges and among adult learners. We performed…

This study examined differences in the rates of psychiatric-related emergency department visits among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and adolescents without autism spectrum disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Additional outcomes included emergency department…

MOOCs and online courses have notoriously high attrition [1]. One challenge is that it can be difficult to tell if students fail to complete because of disinterest or because of course difficulty. Utilizing a Deep Knowledge Tracing framework, we account for student engagement by including course interaction covariates. With these, we find that we…

Over one in three students who started college in 2012 did not enroll in the fall immediately following their high school graduation. Despite the prevalence of delayed college enrollment, however, little is known about its consequences for labor market outcomes. Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, this paper examines…

Automatic answer assessment systems typically apply semantic similarity methods where student responses are compared with some reference answers in order to access their correctness. But student responses in dialogue based tutoring systems are often grammatically and semantically incomplete and additional information (e.g., dialogue history) is…

Small private online courses (SPOCs) have influenced teaching and learning in China's higher education. Learning management systems (LMSs) are important components in SPOCs. They can collect various data related to student behavior and support pedagogical interventions. This research used feature engineering and nearest neighbor smoothing models…