A model of cost-effectiveness is outlined which enables consideration of some non-financial, as well as financial, elements of educational systems at school or district levels. The model enables the decision-maker to compare educational outcomes of different units, to assess the impact of alternative levels of financial input, and to select…

Written for all persons involved in the behavior of stuttering, the book presents factors associated with the onset of stuttering and a plan for alleviation. Stuttering is viewed as learned behavior; the production of normal and stuttered speech, that stuttering is nonhereditary and nonorganic, and the ways in which it is learned and why it is…

Three couples, parents of underachieving high school students, and three counselors participated in a fifteen hour marathon counseling session. This session followed a year of weekly group counseling meetings of 1-1/2 hours duration. The marathon session was video-taped and the results were examined by the counselors. Six stages of group…

To determine the effect of videotape self-confrontation as a training device for speech clinicians, 30 students participated in a 12 month study. Ten experimental subjects were assigned to single confrontation, 10 to double confrontation, and 10 were control subjects. Each confrontation subject used a therapy matrix and scored his therapy session…

This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of an instruction-simulation video tape in training counselor candidates to use counselor-tacting response leads (CTRL). A CTRL is a counselor response which is intended to help the client to be more specific about what he is saying. Subjects were four post-master's degree students enrolled…

Using participant, trainer, and observer reports and resources, this study examined perceptual and other training laboratory behavior. Twelve executives in a 3 1/2 day laboratory gave free-response descriptions of themselves and other group members. They completed interval-type ratings on each of 20 descriptive items. During the final session,…

This paper is intended primarily for elementary school teachers. It summarizes what is known about classroom anxiety and how teachers can reduce this anxiety and its detrimental effects. This is a nontechnical literature review designed to give advice to practitioners. The paper describes kinds of anxiety and outlines three different methods of…

This document describes a cooperative tutorial program designed to break the cycle of educational disadvantagement in urban areas. The program involves three age groups (disadvantaged seventh graders, kindergarten students, and parents of both groups) in three coordinated subprograms: (1) a structured course in human growth and development and…

The problems encountered in the implementation of a behavior modification parent training program are discussed. Data was gathered at Camp Freedom, a seven-week residential behavior modification summer program for parents with retarded children. The following questions are considered in the context of training effectiveness: Which parents are most…

At the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the Instructional Staff Development Program, Component VI, Developing/Modifying Student Affective Behaviors focuses upon some affective behaviors that promote and are considered vital to the inquiry process. Through teachers trained in the development of affective behaviors, this program has achieved changes…

The proceedings of the annual convention (1973) of Vermont behavioral educators contain 27 case studies of educational programs applying behavior theory to create an individualized, data-based, and accountable school system in which handicapped and normal students are integrated. The case studies, which are grouped according to school districts,…

The purpose of this paper is to review some of the current research in "modeling" or "imitation" learning that supports basic elements of social learning theory, its effects on overt behavior, and its relationship to subjects' self-evaluations. An attempt is made to point out the theoretical discrepancies that exist between social learning, social…

This study investigates relationships between the family environment and maintenance of children's gains from early childhood educational experiences. Participating families received training and counseling from social workers, who focused on improving parent child relationships. Measures of children's intellectual and social functioning as well…

The differentiated outcome hypothesis posits that the maximum effects of an educational program are realized along those dimensions emphasized in the program or in those central to the persons involved. The idea that educational programs employing unconventional means should be examined on outcomes that are consistent with those means is derived…

Described in the directory are approximately 125 audiovisual aids that pertain to the area of behavior modification with handicapped children. It is explained that the audiovisuals were selected for their relevance to behavior modification steps such as keeping appropriate records and scheduling reinforcements. Entries are alphabetical within the…