Separate experiments were done with six blind students (ages 16-20 years) to test the effectiveness of using punishment (prerecorded sound of chalk screeching on a blackboard) and positive reinforcement (money) in natural and laboratory settings to reduce "blindisms" (stereotypic behaviors). (Author/DLS)

A ten-week study was done of four visually handicapped overweight adolescents (ages 15-19 years) in a residential school to evaluate the efficacy of an operant conditioning technique designed to promote weight loss by altering eating habits. (Author/DLS)

Provides a brief guide that teachers and administrators might use as the foundation for training sessions with inexperienced volunteers interested in tutoring upper elementary or secondary level students who have failed to acquire basic reading skills. (Author/RK)

Illustrates use of self-control procedures to modify teacher instructional behavior. A teacher wanted to increase the frequency of approval statements and decrease the frequency of disapproval statements. She followed a plan that included a card self-recording system, cues, and overt rewards. (Author)

Believes that a fully adequate clinical report can be written with the total, completely open participation of a camper and his counselor. Suggests that most individuals in the majority of treatment settings could benefit from the detailed knowledge of their case materials as well as the full rationale and implications of the treatment techniques.…

Aggressive preschool children were instructed by their teacher on the harm that results from aggression, its lack of effects as an interpersonal strategy, and the benefits that result from prosocial alternatives. Results indicated that aggressive behavior decreased and positive behavior increased as a result of these instructions. (Author)

For teachers of mildly handicapped children, an intervention strategy is presented which modifies academic and social behaviors in three stages: 1) modification of instruction techniques, 2) reinforcement of academic tasks, and 3) modification of social behaviors. (Author/JYC)

For availability, see EC 104 061. Sensory stimulation, similar to that received during self stimulation, was administered to one autistic and one multiply handicapped child (6 and 4 years old) contingent upon correct response to a manipulative task. (CL)

A heuristic model is presented for the diagnosis and treatment of families in stress. A systems approach and psychoanalytic concepts are integrated to understand and modify dysfunctional behavior transmitted across generations. (Author)

The purpose of this article is to discuss the importance of confrontation techniques and to describe some parameters for their use in counseling. The author discusses the definition of confrontation, purpose of confrontation, empathy in confrontation, timing of confrontation, and teaching the confrontation technique. (Author)

Two severely retarded institutionalized children (4 and 7 years old) who exhibited high rates of severely self-injurious behaviors were punished with aromatic ammonia inhalation on a response-contingent basis. (Author/SBH)

Discussed is the role in special education of behavior therapy as an effective technology for dealing with the problems presented by a physical handicap. (DLS)

Behavior change is the overriding, if not the only, goal in health education. Implications of this fact for the nature and method for educational diagnosis, curriculums, educational strategy, and evaluation are discussed. (Author/MJB)

Changes in student teachers' verbal behaviors after feedback from video tapes of classroom activity are discussed. (GW)

Three training programs for girl-shy males were designed. The effectiveness of a response-acquisition treatment was compared with a cognitive self-statement modification treatment, a combination of these two, and a waiting-list control group. The results indicated that subjects trained in cognitive self-statement modification showed significantly…