Flooding and systematic desensitization procedures were investigated for possible interactions with subject arousal level on reduction in phobic reactions. No such interaction was found. Behaviorally and on GSR response, both flooding and systematic desensitization were effective, but only the latter was effective on subjective reports. (NG)

There has been little research on the effectiveness of behavior modification with groups. This controlled study done in an agency setting found the behavioral model to be an effective method of treating groups of clients with a wide variety of problems. (Author)

Investigated was the effect of MACOS (Man: A Course of Study) on children's behavior. Conclusions included: (1) the study of a culture did not lead to more open attitudes toward culturally determined behavior; (2) the students' sex did not influence their attitudes about different cultural behaviors. (NQ)

The rate of achievement and enjoyment of 12 learning disabled pupils (ages 8-12 years) in a token economy was demonstrated to be higher when they were permitted to select their own reinforcers than when the teacher selected the reinforcers. (MH)

Provided are guidelines for the ethical and appropriate use of time out in special education settings. (MH)

Four major theoretical approaches to increasing classroom work involvement (Behavior modification, understanding individual causal dynamics, influence interventions, and ecology of behavior) are examined. The ecology of behavior approach, felt to be the most potentially useful, examines factors in the classroom environment enabling high work…

Self-referred and court-referred clients were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups, aversive counterconditioning, behavioral self-control training or a controlled drinking composite. All therapies were conducted by trained paraprofessionals and consisted of 10 weekly sessions. No significant differences among treatments were found.…

In a descriptive analysis of behavior management research with mentally retarded persons, data from 56 studies within a recent 5-year period is presented in four tables. (CL)

West German literature on educational behavior modification is summarized, and empirical studies of behavior modification intervention with special education students at the elementary level are surveyed. (SBH)

Seven multiply handicapped adolescents were selected for a group activity program to improve manipulation, increase task attention, develop group cohesion, and modify inappropriate behavior using some behavior modification techniques. (SBH)

Videotapes from a behavior modification training program for five ward attendants in an institution for the mentally handicapped show these personnel tend to depend too much on verbal prompts and physical guidance. (JG)

Investigated whether or not quantification of hierarchy stimuli in the systematic desensitization by skin conductance and peripheral pulse volume measures yielded improved results with respect to treatment length. (SB)

Amphetamines and other stimulant drugs are not causing so-called "paradoxical effects" in hyperactive children but are actually effective because they provide needed stimulation. According to the Swanson-Brodemus Model, amphetamines, et al., provide internal sources of stimulation, thus reducing the need for external stimulation. (Author)

Describes a counseling program using a group counseling procedure for decreasing fighting and injurious physical contact among elementary school boys. No evaluation was done. (Author)

Documented are the difficulties found in the use of ignoring and/or time-out procedures by parents of children with behavior problems in the home setting. (Author/IM)