This study investigated the attitudes, behavior, and mathematics achievement of 200 second- through fifth-grade children who received a midmorning snack of nuts and raisins. It was hypothesized that a nutritious snack would counter low blood sugar in children who consumed a high-sugar breakfast or had no breakfast at all. Experimental subjects…

This paper analyzes role transitions in small groups within the context of a more general model of group socialization that is based on the psychological processes of evaluation, commitment, and decision making. The major advantage of such an approach is that it specifies why role transitions in small groups occur. According to the model, groups…

Systematic desensitization is described as an effective method for reducing test and speech anxieties in college students. Two standardized hierarchies, one for test anxiety, are presented to minimize problems in hierarchy construction. (Author)

This experiment attempted to condition subject's answers to a questionnaire about study-related behaviors using verbal social reinforcement and to measure the extent to which this training affected rate of studying. For five of the six subjects, significant changes in study comments resulted. (Author)

A description of the socio-demographic characteristics associated with student drug use is discussed. Findings indicate that while drug usage began to increase in the seventh grade, substantial increases occurred after this grade level. For all substances, drug use peaked in the ninth or tenth grade with dramatic decreases in the twelfth grade.…

An attempt was made to determine whether a behaviorally oriented conditioning approach, "covert sensitization," is more effective in the treatment of alcoholism than the commonly used problem-solving approach; and whether female counselors employing covert sensitization are more successful than males. Appropriate statistical analysis of…

Brief notes discuss current items of interest such as a behavior modification device for teachers and minicourses for elementary school teachers. (JF)

This study is concerned with the effects of teacher contingencies on academic behaviors of normal children at cognitively oriented centers in an open education classroom. Results indicate teacher attention greatly affects preferences for academic and nonacademic centers by kindergarten children. (Author)

Carl Orff's procedure of using elemental music in learning through discovery (Schulwerk) was tested for its effect in developing generalized imitative behaviors in 16 severely retarded Ss (mean chronological age was 17.8 years for experimental Ss and 16.5 years for control Ss). (GW)

Three major objectives of drug education -- increased knowledge, promotion of healthy attitudes and decreased drug abuse behavior -- are fraught with conceptual and empirical difficulties. (Author/KM)

This article attempts to determine whether contingent access to a tutor would serve to motivate more positive academic behavior. Subjects were 16 fourth-graders. Results indicate that contingent application of individual tutoring did, indeed, increase academic performance in 15 of the students. (Author/HMV)

Presents statistics on 1,552 students whose absenteeism was considered chronic by attendance teachers and indicates the degree of success achieved by attendance officers through efforts aimed at improving student attendance. Tables indicate percentage of absence before attendance officer contact, percentage of increase after contact, days salvaged…