Studied the effectiveness of hypnosis in the treatment of cigarette habituation. Volunteers (N=87) were randomly assigned to hypnosis, relaxation, or waiting list control groups. Hypnosis was found to be superior to relaxation only for subjects high in hypnotic susceptibility. Those who quit smoking increased food consumption. (Author/JAC)

Studied factors to help dentists understand smoking in patients. Dental patients (N=57) attended "quit smoking" clinics and were given the Horn Smoker's Self-Test which elicits information on factors relating to smoking. The most important functions cigarettes serve, according to smokers, were to satisfy craving, act as a crutch, and provide…

Four supervisors working in a sheltered workshop for developmentally disabled adults participated in a behavior management program. Tests of durability of the altered behavior at three months and six months after completion of training showed that three supervisors had maintained low levels of attending to inappropriate trainee behaviors. (Author)

A theoretical model for understanding motivation of plaque control is presented. The belief in this model is that, if people can be convinced of their ability to control a health threat, they would be encouraged to take responsibility for their health. (CJ)

Of 10 mildly retarded children (4 to 15 years old) with attention deficit disorders who were involved in an outpatient, double blind, active drug and placebo crossover study using methylphenidate, five children responded positively to active medication as measured by improvement in the Conners' rating forms for parents and teachers. (Author)

Describes how metaphors can be used in a weight control approach to: (1) uncover underlying feelings; (2) reveal hidden solutions; (3) create an aversion to undesirable intakes; (4) provide the client with a thin self-concept; and (5) increase compliance. Provides examples to demonstrate these uses. (Author/RC)

Annual controlled outcome results revealed that the program led to significant and consistent reductions in expulsions, suspensions, and grade failure, and variable, often significant, gains in attendance and achievement. (Author)

Types of training considered include selecting target behaviors which are likely to be maintained by natural consequences, promoting self-management skills, and extending stimulus control through creating similarities between the special and regular class settings and matching the regular class reinforcement frequency in the special class. (DB)

Assessed psychotherapy outcome for 177 patients who were seen for an average of 31 therapy hours with the rating scales for outcome of therapy and a therapist questionnaire. Results of a components analysis did not support Storrow's rationale groupings of the rating scales into five dimensions. (Author)

Analyzes traditional drug education prevention programs on two levels: (1) drug-related information taught to drug education teachers and the adequacy of such training in preparing them to conduct a drug education program, and (2) information conveyed from the teacher to the student and the way in which such information is received by the…

Investigated effects of an alcohol education module on college students' attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors related to alcohol use. The module favorably affected knowledge and degree of responsibility in attitudes towards alcohol. No significant difference was found on negative behavior consequences experienced by each group within three months…

Subjects were assigned to Zen meditation, antimeditation (control), or no-treatment (control) groups. Measures of anxiety showed a decrease after meditation, but no more than the control groups. State anxiety after stress showed no effect of meditation. Measures of perceptual functioning showed no differential improvement. (Author)

Assessed whether low-assertive college students' locus of control orientations would differentially affect their reactions to assertiveness training procedures. Subjects improved more on all self-report and behavioral measures than placebo or no-treatment control subjects. Externals showed significantly greater generalization of treatment effects…

While the normative frame of reference is adequate for diagnosis, a behavioral approach may be more suited to the prescriptive phase of assessment. The behavioral frame of reference is described and its relevance to prescriptive assessment is discussed. (Author)

Health educators need to utilize behavioral criteria to assess the effectiveness of school health education programs. (MM)