With each child serving as his or her own control, 20 male and 20 female preschool children were tested on two occasions in a free-play situation. Results indicated that verbal warning before activity change facilitated transition and compliant behavior. (Author/MP)

Data from a variety of clinical populations (mentally retarded, autistic, hyperactive and normal children) and animals are reviewed. An attentional model is proposed to account for type of therapeutic response to stimulant medication. (Author)

The influence of task difficulty on aberrant behavior was investigated with three severely handicapped students (10, 13, and 15 years old). Noticeably higher rates of problem behavior occurred in demand compared to no demand conditions. In addition, there were higher rates of problem behaviors on difficult versus easy tasks. (Author)

Assessed the utility of alpha biofeedback training in the treatment of patients (N=66). Biofeedback and placebo biofeedback groups were given alpha or mock-alpha training sessions. Improvement on 54 variables was compared to that of no-treatment controls. Only a chance number of significant changes appeared among the groups. (Author)

Examined effects of assertion training on aggressive adolescents' behavior. Ninth-grade students judged by peers to be aggressive were assigned to assertion training, placebo, and no-treatment control groups. Results showed that assertion training yielded significant improvement on the assertion scale, but had little effect on peer-judged…

Contingency management programs for modifying aggression in children are strong methods of short-term behavior change in treatment settings but are less than successful when transferred to other settings. Future research should compare cognitive with noncognitive behavioral programs and test the effectiveness of cognitive and noncognitive…

Discusses ways of identifying stress and its sources and then changing it by altering behavior patterns. Guidelines are provided for implementing a stress management program. (Author/MLF)

Investigated effects of changes in temporal organization of material play participation upon variety of infant and maternal social interactive variables. Results confirmed hypothesis that both three- and five-month-old infants recognize temporal changes and respond differentially to natural, slower, and faster temporal styles. (Author/MP)

Appropriate educational experiences for handicapped children in the mainstream of education will only occur if regular educators are willing to accept some new professional roles. The article describes some of these new roles and presents a rationale for relying on the regular educator to provide meaningful experiences for handicapped children in…

The therapeutic community and traditional mental health services have not been demonstrated to be effective for the drug user, the mental health patient, or the alcoholic. A variety of behavior modification techniques look promising. However, their applicability for drug users has yet to be determined. The means for adequate assessment are…

Identifies the specific nondrug alternatives most generally used to achieve a specific state of consciousness alteration. Analysis reveals that discussion with a friend or spouse, or personal contemplation were used most often to reduce depression and hostility, and engaging in physical activity was used most often to reduce anxiety. (Author)

Heterosexually balanced groups were exposed to encounter-group tapes instructing them to share initmate experiences. Examples of high self-disclosure and openness were presented. Exercises differed only in instructions and accompanying behavioral examples. Results indicated that higher levels of disclosure produced greater group cohesiveness on…

Brief (one minute) response contingent physical restraint was shown in two experiments with a 16-year-old profoundly retarded institutionalized girl to be more effective in controlling self-injurious behavior (SIB) than three minute physical restraint, which in the first study produced an increase in SIB. (CL)

A behavioral weight reduction treatment and maintenance program for moderately mentally retarded adolescents which involves six phases from background information collection to followup relies on stimulus control procedures to modify eating behaviors. Data from pilot studies show an average weekly weight loss of .5 to 1 pound per S. (CL)

Analyses of psychological, rating scale observational, and interview data showed that hyperactive children became less symptomatic over time; that the data did not provide evidence indicating that any of the treatments studied was more effective than any other or than no treatment at all. (Author)